Prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease in an urban Indian population

Abstract

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in government employees across India.MethodsThe study population consisted of government employees in different parts of India ({n=10 642 men and n=1966 women; age 20–60 years}) and comprised various ethnic groups living in different environmental conditions. Recruitment was carried out in 20 cities across 14 states, and in one union territory. All selected individuals were subjected to a detailed questionnaire, medical examinations and anthropometric measurements. Blood samples were collected for blood glucose and serum lipid profile estimation, and resting ECG was recorded. Results were analysed using appropriate statistical tools.ResultsThe study revealed that 4.6% of the study population had a family history of premature CAD. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 16% (5.6% diagnosed during the study and the remaining 10.4% already on medication). Hypertension was present in 21% of subjects. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was significantly high, with 45.6% of study subjects having a high total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein ratio. Overall, 78.6% subjects had two or more risk factors for CAD.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates a high prevalence of CAD risk factors in the Indian urban population. Therefore, there is an immediate need to initiate measures to raise awareness of these risk factors so that individuals at high risk for future CAD can be managed.

Conventional and Advanced Lipid Parameters in Premature Coronary Artery Disease Patients in India

“…The prevalence of CAD is not only very high in Indian subcontinent but also in migrant Asian Indians. Migrant Indians in USA have 4 times prevalence rate than native white Americans [5][6][7]. Coronary artery disease occurs prematurely and is more severe in the Indian population as compared to any other ethnic group in the world [5][6][7].…”

Prevalence of Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease above 30 Years of Age in an Urban Setting

“…Low prevalence was reported by, Parikh S. et al 7 in Ahmedabad city which was 37% in males and 36% in females. Garg A. et al 8 reporting 33.7% males and 31.5% females were hypertensive while Sekhri T. et al 9 reported that 22.4% of males and 13.4% of females were hypertensive.…”

A Cross Sectional Study on Cardiovascular Risk among Adults in Urban field Practice area of a tertiary care Hospital, Hyderabad

“…The prevalence of hypertension in the present study is higher than this research. A multicentric study across different regions of India by Sekhri et al (17) reported prevalence for overweight/obesity of 46.1% among males and 55.3% among females. The difference between males and females was statistically significant however no such difference was observed in this study.…”