Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among preschool children in eastern China and comparison at a 5‐year interval

Zhang, Xiaohan; Wang, Yue; Huang, Dan; Sun, Qigang; Zhao, Xiaoyan; Ding, Hui; Bai, Jing; Chen, Ji; Chen, Xuejuan; Hu, Liu

doi:10.1111/ceo.13330

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The NES is an ongoing population-based open cohort study, designed to longitudinally observe the onset and progression of childhood ocular diseases in eastern China [9,[12][13][14][15]. The study was approved by the institutional review board in The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University and was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for astigmatic components and internal compensation: the Nanjing Eye Study

Wang

Tong

Hao

et al. 2020

Eye

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Purpose To determine the risk factors for total astigmatism (TA), anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA), and internal compensation in Chinese preschool children. Methods In the population-based Nanjing Eye Study, children were measured for noncycloplegic refractive error and for biometric parameters. Data from questionnaires and measures from right eyes were analyzed for determining risk factors for TA, ACA, and internal compensation from multivariate logistic regression models. Results Of 1327 children (66.8 ± 3.4 months, 53.2% male), older age of the child (OR = 0.95 for per month increase; P = 0.03), older paternal age at child birth (OR = 1.04 for per year increase; P = 0.03), paternal astigmatism (OR = 1.89; P = 0.003), maternal astigmatism (OR = 1.73, P = 0.008), and secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy (OR = 1.64; P = 0.03) were associated with higher risk of TA, while partial breastfeeding (OR = 0.49, P = 0.006) or formula feeding (OR = 0.46, P = 0.003) were associated with lower risk of TA. Larger ratio of axial length to corneal radius (OR = 16.16 for per unit increase; P = 0.001), maternal working during pregnancy (OR = 1.27; P = 0.04), and cesarean delivery (OR = 1.68, P = 0.04) were associated with higher risk of ACA, while formula feeding was associated with lower risk of ACA (OR = 0.57, P = 0.01). Paternal astigmatism (OR = 0.50, P = 0.01) and assisted reproduction (OR = 0.56, P = 0.03) were associated with lower risk of horizontal or vertical internal compensation. More outdoor activity time (OR = 1.15 for per hour increase, P = 0.01) was associated with higher risk of oblique internal compensation while more nighttime sleep on weekends (OR = 0.83 for per hour increase, P = 0.01) was associated with lower risk of oblique internal compensation. Conclusions Our study confirmed some previously reported risk factors and identified some novel risk factors for astigmatism including formula feeding for lower risk of both ACA and TA, and older paternal age at child birth for higher risk of TA.

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Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for astigmatic components and internal compensation: the Nanjing Eye Study

Wang

Tong

Hao

et al. 2020

Eye

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“…This cross-sectional study is part of NES, a population-based cohort study designed to longitudinally assess the onset and progression of paediatric ocular diseases in Eastern China. [9][10][11][12] As described previously, 9 12 all children born between September 2011 and August 2012 and resided in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, China were invited to participate…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of birth order on stereoacuity in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

Han

Zhang

et al. 2020

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between birth order and stereoacuity among Chinese children aged 60–72 months.DesignCross-sectional.Participants1342 children with complete data on the questionnaire, stereoacuity and refraction were included.ResultsThe mean stereoacuity was 53.2±1.7, 56.9±1.9 and 60.9±1.5 s of arc in the first-born group, second-born group and third-born group, respectively. Lower birth order was significantly correlated with better stereoacuity (p=0.036). Third-borns (OR=3.02, p=0.027) were at higher risk of having subnormal stereoacuity compared with first-borns in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionLater-borns had poorer stereoacuity than first-borns.

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“…Vision impairment, notably due to myopia and related eye diseases, is a serious health issue that decreases individuals' quality of life and even affects economic and educational opportunities in the modern age of planar displays (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). A large number of people of various ages, especially school and university students, have visual deficiencies of differing severities, and the declining trend in visual function appears to be accelerating rapidly with the increased use of flat screens and mobile phones (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid, accurate, multifunctional and self-assisted vision assessment and screening with interactive desktop autostereoscopy

Li¹,

Zhong²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Ann Transl Med

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Background: This study aimed to develop an interactive vision screening tool based on desktop autostereoscopy and evaluate its feasibility for testing visual acuity, colour vision, stereo vision and binocular balance clinically.Methods: An interactive desktop autostereoscopy vision test was developed making it remarkably convenient for individuals to undergo multiple visual function assessments in a single test. With this rapid screening process, an individual's visual acuity, colour vision, stereo vision and binocular balance can be assessed within several minutes. A total of 155 healthy subjects were enrolled to compare the clinical repeatability, accuracy, inter-visit variability, likeability and efficiency between the autostereoscopy and traditional method. Results: In the repeatability test, the visual acuity measured with autostereoscopy was 0.045±0.018 and 0.035±0.018 (P=0.702) for the first and second tests, respectively. The mean logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (logMAR) visual acuities measured with the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (EDTRS) chart and autostereoscopy test were 0.04±0.02 and 0.05±0.02, respectively, which were not significantly different (P=0.849). The correlation between these two kinds of tests was statistically significant (Spearman correlation coefficient =0.829, P<0.001). The results for colour vision, stereo vision, and binocular vision are presented, and the effectiveness of the autostereoscopic method is supported with qualitative data comparing its results with those of the traditional methods. In the likeability test, the EDTRS chart and autostereoscopy test had scores of 2.21±0.53 and 3.04±0.07, while the traditional and autostereoscopy tests for colour vision, stereo vision, and binocular vision had scores of 2.02±0.59 and 3.36±0.93, respectively (P<0.001). Regarding visual fatigue, the mean scores were 0.69±0.04 and 0.42±0.04 (P<0.001) with the EDTRS chart and autostereoscopy test, respectively. Regarding work efficiency, the average testing times per person was 59.65±0.66 and 48.92±0.86 s (P<0.001) with the EDTRS chart and autostereoscopy test, respectively. Conclusions:The autostereoscopy test was conclusively shown to be valid, efficient and repeatable for the measurement of visual acuity, colour vision, stereo vision, and binocular vision, and the process was subjectively well-liked and comfortable.

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Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among preschool children in eastern China and comparison at a 5‐year interval

Abstract: Prevalence of reduced uncorrected visual acuity increased significantly, indicating that Chinese children are faced with more vision-threatening factors. However, more children with refractive errors got appropriate correction.

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Risk factors for astigmatic components and internal compensation: the Nanjing Eye Study

Risk factors for astigmatic components and internal compensation: the Nanjing Eye Study

Effect of birth order on stereoacuity in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

Rapid, accurate, multifunctional and self-assisted vision assessment and screening with interactive desktop autostereoscopy

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