Prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among women in North Ethiopia

Abstract

Literature shows that cervical cancer is very prevalent among women living in low resource settings.Once it progresses to invasive cervical cancer, its cost is very high. Thus, screening cervical cancer is highly recommended in poor settings including Ethiopia, where the disease burden is very high. However, little is documented on the prevalence and determinants of precancerous cervical lesion among healthy women. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with precancerous cervical lesion among women working in Almeda textile factory, Adwa, North Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20 to 25, 2016 among women working in Almeda textile factory in North Ethiopia. Three hundred forty-two women were included in this study. Data were collected using a structured checklist. SPSS version 20 was used for data entry and analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the precancerous cervical lesion. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. The mean (± SD) age of the respondents included in this study was 32.95 (± 6.94). In this study, the overall prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was 6.7% (95% CI: 4.4, 9.6). Being infected with sexually transmitted infections [AOR=49.88, 95% CI: (16.59, 149.91)] was significantly associated with the precancerous cervical lesion. In conclusion, the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was high among women working in Almeda textile factory in North Ethiopia. Therefore, cervical cancer screening and treatment services should be initiated and expanded to reduce morbidity from cervical cancer and its adverse effects.

Risk factors of precancerous cervical lesions: The role of women’s socio-demographic, sexual behavior and body mass index in Amhara region referral hospitals; case-control study

“…The current study found that women who encountered lifetime STIs have a higher risk of acquisition of PCL. The possible reason for the association might be due to the fact that HPV is the main cause for both PCL and STI [ 3 , 33 ]. This is consistent with previous findings in Ethiopia [ 2 , 17 , 34 ] and Uganda [ 14 ] which deduced that STI is a risk factor for a premalignant cervical lesion.…”

“…The odds of being positive for PCL were three times higher among women having multiple sexual partners than monogamous women. This association is possibly due to the sexually transmitted nature of HPV, perhaps reflecting a greater likelihood of multiple HPV exposures and thus stochastically to greater opportunity for HPV persistence and progression to PCL [ 3 , 35 ]. This is similar with the findings of previous studies conducted in Ethiopia [ 2 , 17 , 18 ] and Uganda [ 35 ].…”

“…It is mainly caused by a sexually transmitted virus called human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV poses different genotypes of which HPV type 16 and 18 are the known high-risk genotypes in bringing about PCL and detected at about 90% of the women with squamous cervical cell carcinoma [ 3 , 4 ]. Evidence suggests that secondary factors or HPV cofactors could facilitate the progress of HPV infections to PCL [ 5 ].…”

Risk factors associated with precancerous cervical lesion among women screened at Marie Stops Ethiopia, Adama town, Ethiopia 2017: a case control study

“…Similarly, in a study conducted in Aksum, Ethiopia there was a strong association between STI and the development of cervical cancer [AOR = 49.88 (95% CI 16.59, 149.91)] [16]. …”

Precancerous Cervical Lesions and Associated Factors Among Women Attending Cervical Screening at Adama Hospital Medical College, Central Ethiopia

“…Our finding was also higher than the study conducted in the North part of Ethiopia which showed 6.7% precancerous cervical lesion. 12 This could be due to study area and study period difference.…”