Prevalence of PPR-virus Antibodies in Sheep, Goats and Camels in Hail, Saudi Arabia

Mahmoud, Ahmed Zein Elabdeen; Abdellatif, Muaz Magzob; Shazali, Luai

doi:10.17582/journal.bjv/2016.3.3s.86.89

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We noticed the same during the massive PPR outbreak in camels in 2004 [16]. In most of the previous reports, antibodies to PPR in camels were either detected in low levels [12,14,15,[35][36][37] or it was not detected [38][39][40][41]. In this study, camels were however confirmed to be susceptible and able to replicate the virus as demonstrated, whether by inoculation or by in contact experiments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

A study on transmission of Peste des petits ruminants virus between dromedary camels and small ruminants

Saeed¹,

Haj²,

Alhassan³

et al. 2022

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: In recent years Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) disease caused several epidemics in a wide range of susceptible hosts. The ability of the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) to cross the species barrier necessitates further research, particularly on disease circulation and cross-species transmission between typical and atypical hosts to guide and facilitate the eradication program anticipated by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) in 2030. The aim of this study is to explore the role of dromedary camels as transmitters for PPR. Methodology: Four experiments were carried out on clinically healthy seronegative camels, sheep and goats. In experiment I, the animals were inoculated with a PPR- positive suspension of camel pneumonic lung homogenate. In the other three experiments either sheep and goats were inoculated and after three days were housed with camels or vice versa. Results: Marked clinical signs suggestive of PPR were seen in sheep and goats while camels showed mild infection. Severe clinical signs of PPR were seen in sheep and goats when kept with inoculated camels. Postmortem examination revealed PPR lesions in all inoculated animals including camels. Conclusions: This study showed that dromedary camels infected with PPRV can transmit the disease to sheep and goats, even when they developed mild clinical signs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

A study on transmission of Peste des petits ruminants virus between dromedary camels and small ruminants

Saeed¹,

Haj²,

Alhassan³

et al. 2022

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…The higher prevalence of PPR in winter has also been reported by others (Abubakar, Irfan, & Manzoor, ; Khan, Siddique, Abubakar, Arshad, & Hussain, ). Some reports have described a higher prevalence of PPR in wet‐cold (Mahmoud, Abdellatif, & Shazali, ) and rainy seasons (Molla & Delil, ; Mondal & Yamage, ). The information on seasonal variation of PPR will also help in developing a science‐based disease control policy, for example conducting vaccination programmes prior to the onset of winter and monsoon season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peste des Petits Ruminants risk factors and space-time clusters in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Rony

Rahman

Alam

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Using a hospital-based case-control study design, our aim was to identify risk factors for-and space-time clusters of-Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Three hundred and eighty PPR cases diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2014 at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (BAUVTH) were selected; three controls per case from BAUVTH were then selected (n = 1,048). From records, data extracted included information on date of report, location, age, breed, sex and body weight of goats. A mixed multivariable logistic regression model was built to identify risk factors. Location was included as a random effect and season and demographic variables as fixed effects. The approximate geographic coordinates of locations were collected, and the scan statistic (Bernoulli model) was used to identify space-time clusters of PPR. Compared with goats <4 months of age, the odds of PPR were 3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.95-4.66), 1.9 (CI: 1.34-2.76) and 1.8 times (95% CI: 1.19-2.58) greater in goats aged 4-6, >6-12 and >12-24 months, respectively. The occurrence of PPR was also significantly higher (odds ratio [OR] 3.2; 95% CI: 1.15-8.59) in the Jamunapari breed than Black Bengals. Significantly higher odds of PPR were observed in winter (OR 1.6; 95% CI: 1.06-2.14) and the monsoon season (OR 1.5; 95% CI: 1.04-2.11) compared with the post-monsoon season. Two significant (p < .05) space-time clusters were identified between 2 December 2006 and 6 September 2007 (two locations) and 28 November 2006 and 13 February 2007 (five locations). Peste des Petits Ruminants is endemic in Bangladesh, but also occurs as discrete outbreaks. Control efforts-such as vaccination-should focus on high-risk groups (4-24 months of age, Jamunapari breed), prior to the onset of winter and the monsoon season so as to increase immunity during high-risk periods, and focus on disease hotspots.

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“…The prevalence of PPR in Bahrain was lower than that reported in some of the neighboring countries. In Saudi Arabia, where vaccination is practiced, the prevalence ranged from 37.7% to 86.1% [15,24,25]. In Yemen, the prevalence of antibodies against PPRV (15% in sheep and 18% in goats) was slightly lower than that reported in Bahrain [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Epidemiological investigation of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Bahrain

Al-Majali,

Rahman,

Al Kazaz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is one of the major transboundary animal diseases that severely impact livestock production and trade worldwide. An investigation was carried into the seroprevalence and risk factors of PPR in small ruminants, camels, and wild ruminants in Bahrain. A total of 1240 serum samples were collected from 119 sheep flocks and 1224 serum samples from 125 goat herds. In addition, 100 sera from camels and 38 sera from wild ruminants, were collected. Serum samples were tested for the presence of PPR specific antibodies using a competitive ELISA. Flock management and health information of the flocks and herds were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The individual prevalence of PPR in sheep and goats was 26% and 25.5%, respectively. The flock or herd level prevalence of PPR was 22.7% and 29.6% in sheep and goats, respectively. None of the tested camels or wild ruminants were positive for PPR-specific antibodies. Sheep and goats from the Northern governorate were more likely to be seropositive to PPR than in other governorates. On the individual animal level, the univariate analysis suggested; age (&lt;12 months), sex (male), and health status (weak animals) as risk factors for PPR seropositivity. On the flock/herd level, the multivariable logistic regression analysis identified large flock/herd size and semi-intensive farming as risk factors for PPR seropositivity.

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Prevalence of PPR-virus Antibodies in Sheep, Goats and Camels in Hail, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

A study on transmission of Peste des petits ruminants virus between dromedary camels and small ruminants

A study on transmission of Peste des petits ruminants virus between dromedary camels and small ruminants

Peste des Petits Ruminants risk factors and space-time clusters in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Epidemiological investigation of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Bahrain

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