Prevalence of Oral Complications occurring in a Population of Pediatric Cancer Patients receiving Chemotherapy

Datta, Geetika; Saxena, Tanvi; Datta, Ankush G

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1428

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Following the selection process outlined in the PRISMA diagram, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, and their data were analyzed in this systematic review (Fig. 1) (40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of oral microbiota in the development of oral mucositis in pediatric oncology patients treated with antineoplastic drugs: A systematic review

Filetici,

Gallottini,

Corvaglia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Oral mucositis as a consequence of chemotherapy in the pediatric oncology population is a highly prevalent complication and strongly affects both the quality of life and treatment possibilities of the patients. Etiopathological mechanisms carrying to its development are not fully understood. A possible role of oral disbiosis has previously been investigated with unclear conclusions. Aim of this systematic review was to assess the available evidence on the role of microbiota in the development of oral mucositis. Methods Systematic literature search was performed following PRISMA guidelines. Three electronic databases were searched up until April 2023. A following manual search included the reference lists of the included studies and reviews. Studies reporting microbiological and clinical data of pediatric patients treated by antineoplastic drugs were included. Results Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting an average mucositis prevalence of 55%. Candida albicans infection was frequently observed in studies performing microbiological analysis on oral lesions, in contrast with the low rate detection of Herpes simplex viruses. Bacterial species such as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus viridans were more frequently detected on lesion sites. Studies reporting a quantitative analysis of the general flora did not show comparable results. Risk of bias assessment among studies was generally considered high or very high. Conclusions While the specific role of certain microbiological agents, such as Candida albicans, was frequently reported among studies, data regarding the general dynamics of oral microbiota in the development of oral mucositis are lacking in the current literature and more studies are needed to provide the knowledge required in order to improve protocols for the prevention and treatment of this threatening complication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of oral microbiota in the development of oral mucositis in pediatric oncology patients treated with antineoplastic drugs: A systematic review

Filetici,

Gallottini,

Corvaglia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, lymphomas and sarcomas are the two types of cancer in which we observed the highest prevalence of neutropeniaassociated mucositis. Neutropenia is an established risk factor for the development of mucositis (25,26). This has also been confirmed by our investigation, which showed an odds ratio equal to 20.3 (p < 0.01) for neutropenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Oral Mucositis in Children With Malignant Solid Tumors

et al. 2021

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IntroductionIn recent years, the use of intensive regimens for the treatment of pediatric cancer has led to a marked improvement in patient survival. However, these treatments are associated with an increase in toxic effects. Among these side effects, mucositis (inflammation of the oral cavity) significantly affect the success of treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of mucositis in a pediatric population with solid tumor and undergoing chemotherapy, identify the risk factors that influence its occurrence, and verify the usefulness of pain rating scales.MethodsWe registered episodes of mucositis which occurred in a sample of 84 consecutive children with solid tumors between 1 January, 2012 and 30 April, 2018. The World Health Organization (WHO) oral mucositis grading scale and the modified Wong–Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBS) were used to assess the severity of each episode. Moreover, data on the treatments used and blood count results were collected.ResultsThe prevalence of mucositis in our population was 50%, without statistically significant difference according to sex and a higher prevalence observed in patients aged >10 years. The presence of neutropenia, higher number of cycles of chemotherapy, and co-existence of lymphomas and sarcomas were identified as factors favoring the occurrence of mucositis. The WBS showed results superimposed on the WHO oral mucositis grading scale in choosing the intensity and duration of mucositis treatment.ConclusionOral mucositis is a common complication of chemotherapy against childhood malignancies. The WHO oral mucositis scale is a valuable tool for assessing its severity in pediatric patients. Furthermore, WBS can be used as an assessment tool to establish the therapy to be adopted for patients in whom direct evaluation of the oral cavity is not possible.

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“…Radiotherapy for head and neck cancer leads to oral mucositis, the damage of the salivary glands and xerostomia. Also, chemotherapy is associated, in most cases, with the development of oral mucosistis and xerostomia [132]. For this reason, patients use a range of mouthwashes.…”

Section: Management Of Oral Mucositismentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Therapeutic Effects of Gut Hormones, Ghrelin and Obestatin in Oral Mucositis

Stempniewicz

Ceranowicz

Warzecha

2019

IJMS

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Chemotherapy and/or head and neck radiotherapy are frequently associated with oral mucositis. Oral pain, odynophagia and dysphagia, opioid use, weight loss, dehydration, systemic infection, hospitalization and introduction of a feeding tube should be mentioned as the main determinated effect of oral mucositis. Oral mucositis leads to a decreased quality of life and an increase in treatment costs. Moreover, oral mucositis is a life-threatening disease. In addition to its own direct life-threatening consequences, it can also lead to a reduced survival due to the discontinuation or dose reduction of anti-neoplasm therapy. There are numerous strategies for the prevention or treatment of oral mucositis; however, their effectiveness is limited and does not correspond to expectations. This review is focused on the ghrelin and obestatin as potentially useful candidates for the prevention and treatment of chemo- or/and radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis.

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Prevalence of Oral Complications occurring in a Population of Pediatric Cancer Patients receiving Chemotherapy

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

The role of oral microbiota in the development of oral mucositis in pediatric oncology patients treated with antineoplastic drugs: A systematic review

The role of oral microbiota in the development of oral mucositis in pediatric oncology patients treated with antineoplastic drugs: A systematic review

Management of Oral Mucositis in Children With Malignant Solid Tumors

Potential Therapeutic Effects of Gut Hormones, Ghrelin and Obestatin in Oral Mucositis

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