Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Fresh Meat Pork Production Chain

Beneke, B.; Klees, Sylvia; Stührenberg, B.; Fetsch, A.; Kraushaar, Britta; Tenhagen, Bernd‐Alois

doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-250

Cited by 62 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In our study, in two of the herds (herds 2 and 9), none of the samples taken from pigs on the farm were MRSA positive, whereas MRSA was detected in pigs belonging to same herds sampled at lairage. These data support the findings of previous studies (2,5,29) on the potential role of the environment as a source of MRSA to pigs. We did not sample any of the transportation trucks, lairage, slaughter areas, or personnel associated with transportation and slaughtering of pigs, so it is difficult to draw any conclusion from this study on the role of the environment as a source of colonization of pigs with MRSA during transportation and holding at lairage, carcass, and retail meat contaminations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…MRSA has previously been detected in swine transportation trucks, at lairage, in slaughter areas, in pork production shower facilities, and from farm and slaughterhouse personnel (2,5,9,22,29). Broens and colleagues (5) followed individual pigs from the farm to slaughter, indicated that many of the pigs that tested MRSA negative on the farm became MRSA positive during transportation from the farm to the slaughterhouse, and suggested that sources of colonization of pigs with MRSA could be mixing of pigs from different farms during the time between loading and stunning, contaminated trucks and lairage, or personnel (including truck drivers and/or slaughterhouse personnel).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epidemiology and Genotypic Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains of Porcine Origin

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), particularly livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) in pigs and pork. The genotypic relatedness of isolates on the farm, at slaughter, and at the retail level was assessed. Paired nasal and perianal swab samples were collected from 10 cohorts of market-age pigs (24 pigs per cohort) and carcasses at slaughterhouse, and pork samples were collected at retail. Staphylococci were isolated using selective enrichment method. Isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance by broth microdilution. Duplex PCR was used to confirm MRSA using species-specific (nuc) and methicillin resistance (mecA) genes. The clonal relatedness of isolates was determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), Staphylococcus protein A (spa) typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element (SCCmec) typing. MRSA was detected in 5 of the 10 cohorts (50%), with the prevalence ranging from 0% to 12.5% per cohort. Of all the pigs sampled on the farm before they went to market, 3% (7/240) were MRSA positive. A higher prevalence of MRSA was detected at holding pens at the slaughterhouse (11% [27/240]). MRSA was also detected in 2% (4/235) of the carcasses and 4% (5/135) of the retail pork. While the isolates appear predominantly to be highly clonal, PFGE had a relatively higher discriminatory power (discriminatory index [DI] ‫؍‬ 0.624). Four genotypic clusters were identified by PFGE; of the four clusters, clonal type B was predominant across the farm-to-retail continuum. MLST findings revealed that sequence type 5 (ST5) was the most predominant subtype (32/50). The livestock-associated MRSA (clonal complex 398 [CC398] or sequence type 398 [ST398]) was the second common type (12/50) and was detected at all stages from farm to retail. Nine of the 50 (18%) MRSA isolates belonged to spa type 539/t034 that were of ST398 based on MLST. The results of this study confirm that MRSA, including LA-MRSA, is common in herds of swine in Ohio and hereby shown to persist in the farm to processing and retail continuum.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Genotypic Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains of Porcine Origin

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From 18 halves, MRSA was only detected in the initial enrichment broth, whereas on one half, MRSA was detected up to 10 −2 dilution of the enrichment broth. The MRSA prevalence (47.5%) determined in our study, which investigated one herd, was higher than the prevalences observed in two other studies, being 6% and 4% of the carcasses (Beneke et al, 2011 andHawken et al, 2013, respectively).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 50%

Preliminary evaluation of good sampling locations on a pig carcass for livestock-associated MRSA isolation

Verhegghe

Herman²,

Haesebrouck

et al. 2015

FoodContamination

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The presence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) in livestock animals, especially in pigs, gave rise to concerns of pork being a possible MRSA source to the human population. Monitoring the flow-through of LA-MRSA throughout the meat production chain could be useful. Here, the optimal sampling location for LA-MRSA isolation on pig carcasses was determined. Findings: In one slaughterhouse, 40 cooled carcass halves from one LA-MRSA-positive herd were sampled on six carcass sites (ham, belly, back, forelimb, sternum and abdominal cavity). The obtained MRSA isolates were characterized using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis. Without enrichment of the samples, no MRSA was isolated from the carcasses. After enrichment, MRSA was isolated from 19 out of 40 (47.5%) carcasses. The forelimb appeared to be the most contaminated part of the carcass (17/19 carcasses). Three pulsotypes were detected and the predominant pulsotype was also the herd pulsotype that was determined in our previous study. Conclusions:The present study demonstrated that the forelimb is a good sampling location for LA-MRSA. For good determination of LA-MRSA on carcasses, enrichment is needed. Only LA-MRSA was isolated. Moreover, the farm strain was isolated from the carcasses, which indicates that transmission from the primary production throughout the slaughterhouse occurred. The results suggest that good hygiene practices in slaughterhouses are important to reduce the transmission of LA-MRSA to the human population.

show abstract

“…While investigating German pork processing units, Kastrup [139] determined a MRSA detection frequency of 6% on meat trimmings, 2% on processing equipment, and 5% on employees. Beneke et al [152] obtained a similar detection rate in the processing area of a German abatoir. In an experimental seting, S. aureus at a contamination level of 5-7 log CFU/100 cm −2 was detectable on dry stainless steel for at least 96 h. In The Netherlands, de Jonge et al [39] assessed the presence of MRSA in three meat-processing facilities and two institutional kitchens.…”

Section: Mrsa In Food Processing Environmentsupporting

confidence: 52%

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Food- Producing and Companion Animals and Food Products

Chon¹,

Sung²,

Khan³

2017

Frontiers in Staphylococcus Aureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a growing concern in companion and food-producing animals. The presence of multidrug-resistance with a wide range of extracellular enterotoxin genes, virulence factors, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl) cytotoxin genes confer life-threatening traits on MRSA and makes them highly pathogenic and diicult to treat. Clonal complex 398 (CC398), a predominant clonal lineage of livestock-associated-MRSA in domestic animals and retail meat, is capable of infecting humans. In order to monitor and prevent MRSA contamination, it is critical to understand its source and transmission dynamics. In this review, we describe MRSA in food-producing animals (pig, catle, chicken), horses, pet animals (dogs, cats), and food products (pork, beef, chicken, milk, and ish).

show abstract

Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Fresh Meat Pork Production Chain

Cited by 62 publications

References 17 publications

Epidemiology and Genotypic Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains of Porcine Origin

Epidemiology and Genotypic Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains of Porcine Origin

Preliminary evaluation of good sampling locations on a pig carcass for livestock-associated MRSA isolation

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Food- Producing and Companion Animals and Food Products

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About