Prevalence of maternal group B streptococcal colonisation in European countries

Introduction: Group B Streptococcus (GBS), a source of neonatal infection, colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of pregnant women. Routine screening for maternal GBS in late pregnancy and consequent intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis have reduced the incidence of early-onset GBS neonatal infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of PCR, compared to culture (gold standard), in GBS colonization screening of pregnant women, and to establish the prevalence of GBS colonization among this population. Methods: Vaginal introitus and perianal samples were collected from 204 pregnant women, between the 35 th and 37 th weeks of pregnancy, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the University of Caxias do Sul General Hospital between June 2008 and September 2009. All samples were cultured after enrichment in a selective medium and then assayed by culture and PCR methods. Results: The culture and PCR methods yielded detection rates of vaginal/perianal GBS colonization of 22.5% and 26%, respectively (sensitivity 100%; specificity 95.6%; positive and negative predictive values 86.8% and 100%, respectively). A higher prevalence of GBS colonization was detected in the combined vaginal and perianal samples by both culture and PCR assay analyses. Conclusions: PCR is a faster and more efficient method for GBS screening, allowing for optimal identification of women who should receive intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent newborn infection.

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“…Regardless, the colonization rates observed in this study (22.5% to 26%) are consistent with those detected worldwide 2,6,8,14,16,18,20 .…”

Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 77%

Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women via culture and PCR methods

Wollheim

Sperhacke

Fontana

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…They are normal microflora in humans in the oral cavity, the intestinal tract and the vagina, where they play a beneficial role (Todar, 2012). Compared to some other authors (Barcaite et al, 2008), we found a lower prevalence of Str. agalactiae (6%), probably because the samples were taken from upper vagina not from lower part of vagina, perineum and rectum.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

“…U. urealyticum, M. hominis, E. coli, and Str. agalactiae commonly inhabit the lower genital tract of sexually active women (Watt et al, 2003;Waits et al, 2005;Barcaite et al, 2008). Large numbers of M. hominis are associated with BV and are an important risk factor for development of preterm labour (Lamont et al, 1987;Rosenstein et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of Vaginal Microflora in Relation to Vaginal pH and Wet Mount Diagnostic Tests in the First Trimester of Pregnancy

Žodžika

Rezeberga

Donders

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

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“…As the culture-PCR based method, in our study, showed higher GBS detection rates, and two genetic markers were targeted, we believe that Although vancomycin is not a first line drug for prophylaxis of perinatal streptococcal disease, some enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus (28) isolates have been proving resistant to this antibiotic. This trend notwithstanding, no vancomycin-resistant GBS isolates have been identified (2,5,10,24,28). In the light of the findings, vancomycin may be considered a better option for prophylaxis of patients allergic to penicillin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Group B Streptococcus in Brazilian pregnant women and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns

Castellano-Filho¹,

Silva²,

Nascimento³

et al. 2010

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is still not routinely screened during pregnancy in Brazil, being prophylaxis and empirical treatment based on identification of risk groups. This study aimed to investigate GBS prevalence in Brazilian pregnant women by culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) associated to the enrichment culture, and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria, so as to support public health policies and empirical prophylaxis. After an epidemiological survey, vaginal and anorectal specimens were collected from 221 consenting laboring women. Each sample was submitted to enrichment culture and sheep blood agar was used to isolate suggestive GBS. Alternatively, specific PCR was performed from enrichment cultures. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined for isolated bacteria by agar diffusion method. No risk groups were identified. Considering the culture-based methodology, GBS was detected in 9.5% of the donors. Twenty five bacterial strains were isolated and identified. Through the culture-PCR methodology, GBS was detected in 32.6% specimens. Bacterial resistance was not detected against ampicillin, cephazolin, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin, whereas 22.7% were resistant to erythromycin and 50% were resistant to clindamycin. GBS detection may be improved by the association of PCR and enrichment culture. Considering that colony selection in agar plates may be laboring and technician-dependent, it may not reflect the real prevalence of streptococci. As in Brazil prevention strategies to reduce the GBS associated diseases have not been adopted, prospective studies are needed to anchor public health policies especially considering the regional GBS antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

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Prevalence of maternal group B streptococcal colonisation in European countries

Abstract: Although there is variation in the proportion of women colonised with GBS, the range of colonisation, the serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility reported from European countries appears to be similar to that identified in overseas countries.

Cited by 181 publications

References 54 publications

Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women via culture and PCR methods

Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women via culture and PCR methods

Composition of Vaginal Microflora in Relation to Vaginal pH and Wet Mount Diagnostic Tests in the First Trimester of Pregnancy

Detection of Group B Streptococcus in Brazilian pregnant women and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns

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