Prevalence of Malassezia spp. in the ears of asymptomatic cattle and cattle with otitis in Brazil

Duarte, Eduardo Robson; Melo, M. M.; Hahn, Rosane Christine; Hamdan, Júnia Soares

doi:10.1046/j.1365-280x.1999.00212.x

Cited by 22 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Recently a similar correlation of increased colonisation with Malassezia species in Brazilian cattle with otitis has been reported. In cattle with otitis a predominance of Malassezia globosa was observed (Duarte et al, 1999), in contrast to M. pachydermatis from the pigs studied here. These observations suggest a role for Malassezia yeasts in the aural health of these mammals although bacteriological examinations were not performed in both cases and possible bacterial involvement was not examined.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Apparent cross-infection with a single strain of Malassezia pachydermatis on a pig farm

Pinter

Anthony

Glumac

2002

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Twenty-nine isolates of Malassezia pachydermatis were recovered from a single farm of 100 pigs in Croatia. In contrast, 290 farm pigs from other locations (northern parts of Croatia and Slovenia) yielded only two non-lipid dependent isolates of M. pachydermatis using the same swabbing procedure. Ten of the 29 isolates from a single farm had their identity confirmed by karyotyping, and were typed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. All but one of these isolates sub-typed were indistinguishable, one isolate produced a slightly different RFLP profile. Control isolates recovered from dog skin gave RFLP profiles that were easily distinguished from those produced by the pig isolates. These results suggest that a single strain of M. pachydermatis had colonised this pig herd.Key words: DNA restriction, Malassezia pachydermatis, pig For quite a long time, members of the genus Malassezia isolated from humans have been classified in two different entities, Pityrosporum ovale and Pityrosporum orbiculare and those isolated from animals have been named Pityrosporum canis. Since 1995 the taxonomy of the genus Malassezia has been revised according to morphology and molecular biological techniques . As a result of this the genus Malassezia has been enlarged to include seven distinct species, three former taxa (M. pachydermatis, M. furfur and M. sympodialis) and four new taxa (M. globosa, M. obtusa, M. restricta and M. slooffiae). All species except M. pachydermatis are lipiddependent (basidiomyceteous) yeasts. Members of this genus belong to the normal mammalian cutaneous microflora and are also believed to act as opportunistic human and animal pathogens (causing seborrhoeic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor, folliculitis, otitis and some forms of atopic dermatitis).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Apparent cross-infection with a single strain of Malassezia pachydermatis on a pig farm

Pinter

Anthony

Glumac

2002

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…On the other hand, the difficulty in obtaining a high level of certainty in the identification of some lipid-dependent strains by means of physiological tests has been reported (3,7,8,9,18,25). In addition, the isolation and identification of these strains continue to be difficult due to the low viability associated with some isolate types and the lack of suitable methods for its isolation and preservation (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Difficulty in obtaining a high level of certainty in the identification of some of these lipid-dependent strains by means of these physiological tests was reported (7). The speciation of lipid-dependent isolates from animals by means of physiological tests presents some difficulties, and some of them cannot even be identified (3,7,8,9,19,25).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Analysis of Malassezia sympodialis -Related Strains from Domestic Animals

2005

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Recently, several new lipid-dependent species belonging to the genus Malassezia have been described. Some of them, such as Malassezia dermatis, Malassezia nana, and the tentatively named "Malassezia equi," have similar phenotypes and are genetically close to Malassezia sympodialis Simmons et Guého 1990. DNA characterization by D1/D2 26S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-5.8S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of lipid-dependent strains from different animal species close to M. sympodialis is described and illustrated. Phylogenetic analysis of both the D1/D2 regions of 26S rRNA gene and ITS-5.8S rRNA gene sequences showed four distinct clusters. Cluster I included isolates from different animal species (horse, pig, and lamb) and the type culture of M. sympodialis. Cluster II included isolates from horses grouping close to the "M. equi" AJ305330 sequence. Cluster III comprised isolates mainly from goats. Cluster IV contained isolates mainly from cats grouping together with the M. nana AB075224 sequence. This last cluster included isolates from healthy and external otitic ears. All of these strains had identical 26S rRNA gene and ITS regions. It is not clear whether the value of these genetic differences is for the definition of species or whether they only demonstrate genetic variation among strains from different origins within M. sympodialis, which are in the course of differentiation and probably adaptation to specific animal hosts.Malassezia species are lipophilic yeasts that are usually members of the normal mycobiota of the human skin and inhabit the skin of a variety of animal species. However, these yeasts are associated with a variety of dermatological disorders of the human skin, such as atopic dermatitis, dandruff, folliculitis, pityriasis versicolor or seborrheic dermatitis (13) and intravascular catheter-acquired infections (23). They have been implicated in different skin disorders in animals, mainly otitis externa and dermatitis (6,15).Since the genus Malassezia was created by Baillon in 1889, its taxonomy has been a matter of controversy. A few years ago, the genus was reclassified (14, 16) on the basis of studies of morphological, ultrastructural, physiological, and genetic characteristics, and seven species, which are now widely accepted, were proposed. They are the previously described Malassezia furfur, Malassezia pachydermatis, and Malassezia sympodialis and four new species, Malassezia obtusa, Malassezia globosa, Malassezia restricta, and Malassezia slooffiae.

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“…The color of Malassezia colonies was white to creamy (18,22,36). The predominant microscopic structures were globose to ellipsoidal and unipolar budding yeasts cells and occur in small collarettes (18,22,36 (5,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and pathogenicity of Malassezia species isolated from human healthy skin and with macules

Neves¹,

Magalhães²,

Silva³

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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This study investigated the ocurrence of Malassezia species in clinically healthy students and with macules with a slight fawn discoloration and characterized the isolates as to the pathogenicity factors such as growth at 37ºC, lipase, phospholipase and protease detection. Clinical samples were collected from different body sites of one hundred students of different ages and both sexes. The samples, obtained by scrapping the skin surface and the scalp, were treated with potassa and cultured. Cultures were obtained in Petri dishes containing Sabouraud agar medium added of olive oil, incubated at room temperature and at 37ºC. Culture identifications were based in their morphological and physiological properties. Lipase, phospholipase and protease detection was performed in specific media on Petri dishes for formation of a zone. Globose, spherical yeast cells and hypha were investigated by direct microscopy of clinical materials. Malassezia furfur was detected in seven samples and M. sympodialis in four. All Malassezia cultures presented lipase activity, but none was phospholipase positive. Protease activity was observed in two M. furfur and two M. simpodialis isolates. Key words: Malassezia furfur, M. simpodialis, pathogenicityMalassezia is a lipophilic yeast frequently found in normal human skin. Current evidence indicates a high rate of skin colonization in healthy adults, in contrast with the low rate of colonization in prepubertal children (20).Gueho et al. (11) (14,17,35,38). With the exception of M. pachidermatis, the remaining eight species have an absolute in vitro requirement for suplementation of long-chain fatty acids. Based on studies conducted within the last 5 years, it appears that the most frequently organism associated with pityriasis versicolor may not be M. furfur and possible candidates include M. globosa (2,27) and M. sympodialis (15). The genus Malassezia was recently revised, but the clinical significance of each of these species is not clearly understood (15).Pityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor) is a superficial fungal infection of the skin, appearing most commonly on the upper trunk, as well as on the upper arms, neck and face. As suggested by its name, pityriasis versicolor may be manifested in different colours, ranging from pink or to dark brown or even black. The lesions have a characteristic flaking appearance, although in larger lesions this can be evident only at the border of the macule, and can be hypopigmented or hyperpigmented. Generally, the lesions take the form of round or oval macules or papules, although in advanced cases the lesions may become confluent (13,21,33).

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Prevalence of Malassezia spp. in the ears of asymptomatic cattle and cattle with otitis in Brazil

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Apparent cross-infection with a single strain of Malassezia pachydermatis on a pig farm

Apparent cross-infection with a single strain of Malassezia pachydermatis on a pig farm

Molecular Analysis of Malassezia sympodialis -Related Strains from Domestic Animals

Identification and pathogenicity of Malassezia species isolated from human healthy skin and with macules

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