Apparent cross-infection with a single strain of Malassezia pachydermatis on a pig farm

Pinter, Ljiljana; Anthony, Richard; Glumac, Nada

doi:10.1556/avet.50.2002.2.3

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…In pigs, Malassezia species, especially M. sympodialis and M. slooffiae, were isolated from 73% of healthy ear samples but not from multiple skin sites [ 162 ]. M. pachydermatis has been isolated from pigs with otitis externa and from the skin of healthy farmed pigs [ 163 , 164 ]. One study [ 165 ] compared Malassezia species detection rates and species from healthy porcine ears among different porcine breed and age groups, showing that, similar to humans and companion animals, genetic factors and age can impact Malassezia abundance and diversity [ 2 , 85 , 95 , 141 , 145 , 152 , 166 ].…”

Section: Malassezia Species In Other Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals

Hobi

Cafarchia

Romano

et al. 2022

JoF

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Malassezia spp. are commensals of the skin, oral/sinonasal cavity, lower respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Eighteen species have been recovered from humans, other mammals and birds. They can also be isolated from diverse environments, suggesting an evolutionary trajectory of adaption from an ecological niche in plants and soil to the mucocutaneous ecosystem of warm-blooded vertebrates. In humans, dogs and cats, Malassezia-associated dermatological conditions share some commonalities. Otomycosis is common in companion animals but is rare in humans. Systemic infections, which are increasingly reported in humans, have yet to be recognized in animals. Malassezia species have also been identified as pathogenetic contributors to some chronic human diseases. While Malassezia species are host-adapted, some species are zoophilic and can cause fungemia, with outbreaks in neonatal intensive care wards associated with temporary colonization of healthcare worker’s hands from contact with their pets. Although standardization is lacking, susceptibility testing is usually performed using a modified broth microdilution method. Antifungal susceptibility can vary depending on Malassezia species, body location, infection type, disease duration, presence of co-morbidities and immunosuppression. Antifungal resistance mechanisms include biofilm formation, mutations or overexpression of ERG11, overexpression of efflux pumps and gene rearrangements or overexpression in chromosome 4.

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Section: Malassezia Species In Other Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals

Hobi

Cafarchia

Romano

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Goats may present with Malasseziaassociated seborrheic dermatitis (Pin, 2004;Eguchi-Coe et al, 2011). Malassezia otitis has been reported in fennec foxes (Guillot et al, 1994), ferrets (Dinsdale and Rest, 1995), pigs (Pinter et al, 2002), and camels (Kuttin and Glas, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malassezia Yeasts in Veterinary Dermatology: An Updated Overview

Guillot

Bond

2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Lipophilic yeasts of the genus Malassezia are important skin commensals and opportunistic skin pathogens in a variety of animals. The species M. pachydermatis was first isolated from the skin of a captive Indian rhinoceros with an exfoliative dermatitis in 1925, recognized as an important otic pathogen of dogs in the 1950's, and finally accepted, after several years of controversy, as a common cause of canine dermatitis in the 1990's. Since then, there has been considerable research into the biology of Malassezia yeasts and their interaction with their animal hosts. In dogs and cats, M. pachydermatis is associated with ceruminous otitis externa and a "seborrhoeic" dermatitis, wherein pruritic, erythematous skin lesions, often with brown/black greasy, malodourous material matting hairs, preferentially develop in intertriginous areas. Skin disease is favored by folds, underlying hypersensitivity disorders, endocrinopathies, defects of cornification, and in cats, various visceral paraneoplastic syndromes. Diagnosis is based on detecting the yeast in compatible skin lesions, usually by cytology, and observing a clinical and mycological response to therapy. Treatment normally comprises topical or systemic azole therapy, often with miconazole-chlorhexidine shampoos or oral itraconazole or ketoconazole. Management of concurrent diseases is important to minimize relapses. Historically, wild-type Malassezia isolates from dogs and cats were typically susceptible to azoles, with the exception of fluconazole, but emerging azole resistance in field strains has recently been associated with either mutations or quadruplication of the ERG11 gene. These observations have prompted increased interest in alternative topical antifungal drugs, such as chlorhexidine, and various essential oils. Further clinical trials are awaited with interest.

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“…These results suggest that a single strain of M. pachydermatis, different of canine isolates, had colonized this pig herd. 34 In a recent research, the RAPD analysis of 114 M. pachydermatis from different origins revealed 28 distinct genotypes 35 and it showed the diversity of population of this specie that was detected by RAPD-PCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

RAPD differentiation of Malassezia spp. from cattle, dogs and humans

Duarte

Hamdan

2010

Mycoses

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The molecular characterization of Malassezia spp. isolates from animals and humans has not been thoroughly studied. We have analysed the DNA profile by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR to compare the genetic diversity between isolates from the external ears of cattle, dogs and humans. The analysis of electrophoretic profiles on 8% polyacrylamide gel and their phenograms showed genetic heterogeneity between RAPD profiles of Malassezia furfur and Malassezia slooffiae isolates from humans and cattle and between Malassezia pachydermatis isolates from dogs and cattle. Intra-species variations in DNA pattern of Malassezia isolates and the presence of specific genetic types in cattle, dogs or humans were observed. A review of genetic heterogeneity of these yeast in veterinary and human medicine studies is given considering a possible transmission animal to human or human to animal. Additional studies must clarify the differences between the RAPD band patterns observed in this and other studies, which would facilitate monitoring of Malassezia spp. carriage in domestic animals and in humans.

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Apparent cross-infection with a single strain of Malassezia pachydermatis on a pig farm

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals

Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals

Malassezia Yeasts in Veterinary Dermatology: An Updated Overview

RAPD differentiation of Malassezia spp. from cattle, dogs and humans

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