Prevalence of ketosis in dairy cows in milk shed areas of Odisha state, India

Abstract

Aim:The present study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of ketosis in dairy cows in dairy herds, milksheds, and mixed population of milk cows selected randomly in milkshed areas of Odisha state, India.Materials and Methods:The investigation was conducted in 280 private dairy herds with variable herd size of 10-15 cows comprising crossbred Jersey cows (CBJ), crossbred Holstein Friesian (CHF) cows, and indigenous local breeds. The analysis of urine (Rothera’s test), milk (Ross test), and blood samples of 2760 test cows were conducted through qualitative assessment by Rothera’s test and Ross test, respectively, for the presence of ketone bodies to screen the ketotic animals. Cut-points have been decided based on β-hydroxybutyric acid level (≥1.2-1.4 mmol/L) in milk.Results:We noted positive cases of ketosis with a prevalence rate of 36.7% (1014/2760) entailing 27.2% in clinical ketosis and 9.6% in subclinical ketosis. The breed wise incident rate was recorded to be the highest (38.0%) in CBJs. The age-wise prevalence rate was found to be the highest (40.8%) in the age group of 5.5-6.5 years. The season wise prevalence rate in 5th calver was recorded to be the highest (38.6%) in summer season as compared to other seasons. The prevalence of ketosis was observed to be the highest at 56.7% on the first stage of lactation at the 1st month after 2 weeks. The incidence rates for clinical and subclinical ketosis were found to be 25.2%; 12.2%, 26.6%; 11.2% and 30.3%; 2.9% in CBJ, CHF and indigenous cows, respectively. The breed wise overall prevalence rate was recorded to be 38.0% in CBJ, 37.8% in CHF, and 33.2% in indigenous cows.Conclusion:Ketosis and subclinical ketosis is highly prevalent metabolic disorder and has severe effect on the production status of affected animal and needs to be prevented, rather than treated, by maintaining cows in good and healthy conditions. We have attempted to give great attention for diagnosis, management, and control of this disease during risk stage to prevent economic loss sustained by the dairy farmers of Eastern India.

Genetic and nongenetic factors affecting on-farm performance of peri-urban dairy cattle in west Africa

“…A general paucity of studies exist assessing prevalence rates of ketosis in dairy cows in developing countries. To the best of our knowledge, only one study reported prevalence rates of ketosis in local cattle breeds and their crossbreds with Holstein or Jersey in India (Biswal et al, 2016). The prevalence rate in their study was much lower (36.7%) than the prevalence rate in our study; however, those authors used ketone bodies in urine, milk, and blood as indicators, making a comparison with our results difficult.…”

“…observed seasonal differences in the prevalence rate of ketosis, which contradicts our results that indicated no seasonal influence on the risk of ketosis. Similar to the results of the study of Biswal et al (2016), no genetic variation in the prevalence of ketosis in our study was revealed. Acidosis is commonly observed in dairy cows that are overfed grain diets high in starch and low in fiber (Oba and Wertz-Lutz, 2011).…”

“…In our study, the lactation number had no influence on the prevalence of ketosis. However, the risk for ketosis increased in the course of the lactation, whereas previous studies (Biswal et al, 2016;Gantner et al, 2016) observed an opposite trend with a higher prevalence in early lactation. Furthermore, Biswal et al (2016) , where b is the coefficient that sets the displacement along the x-axis.…”

“…Previous studies revealed environmental differences in the prevalence rate of ketosis. For example, Biswal et al (2016) and Gantner et al (2016) concluded that the prevalence rate was influenced by the lactation number and stage. In our study, the lactation number had no influence on the prevalence of ketosis.…”

Investigation of candidate genes for metabolic disorders expressed in liver and pituitary gland by comparing the RNA-seq data of Polish-HF and Polish-Red cattle

“…Metabolic diseases and disturbances of oxidative balance (oxidative stress) are constantly current threats to the health and welfare of dairy cows as well as the profitability of dairy farms and dairy industry all around the world [1][2]. The breeding selection and the increasing intensification of milk production made the high-yielding dairy cow an animal with a huge metabolic burden and susceptibility to metabolic diseases, such as ketosis [3][4].…”