Prevalence of iron deficiency among university kendo practitioners in Japan: an observational cohort study

Nabeyama, Takahiro; Suzuki, Yosuke; Yamamoto, Kana; Sakane, Michiko; Sasaki, Yoichiro; Shindo, Haruka; Takita, Morihito; Kami, Masahiro

doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00393-2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this context, it is relevant to examine the prevalence of hypoferritinemia in young university athletes and identify the contributing factors. We showed the prevalence of ID in the university Kendo practitioners aged between 18 and 23 years in Japan, where 41% of females, but none of the males, were ID [ 23 ]. The high prevalence of ID in female athletes suggests that ID is an underrecognized and unsolved health issue for Japanese university athletes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of iron-deficient but non-anemic university athletes in Japan: an observational cohort study

Nabeyama,

Suzuki,

Saito

et al. 2023

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are long-standing health problems in athletes, affecting both performance and health. ID prevalence in young athletes remains high and a matter of concern. ID and IDA can lead to fatigue, reduced endurance, and decreased oxygen transport, potentially compromising athletic performance. We hypothesized that ID would still be a major health concern in university athletes across sports clubs in Japan. Purpose The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of ID and IDA in athletes participating in Kendo, badminton, baseball, and handball at the University of Tsukuba (Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan). The study also examined the correlation between hypoferritinemia and other variables, such as previous use of iron supplements, body mass index (BMI), energy intake, and years of athletics. Methods Between January and December 2019, 126 university athletes, consisting of 79 males and 47 females, underwent physical measurements and blood tests. The blood test included complete blood count, levels of serum ferritin, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity. The anemia was defined in accordance with the WHO criteria. Daily energy and iron intake were estimated with the food frequency questionnaire in Japanese (FFQg). Thirty-four female athletes responded to a survey about their menstruation and low-dose estrogen-progestin (LEP) usage. Results While none of the athletes had anemia, 22 (47%) female athletes exhibited serum ferritin levels of 30 ng/mL or less, defining them as hypoferritinemia. The multivariate logistic regression model revealed that a shorter duration of the athletic experience (adjusted odd ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.62 [0.43–0.90]), lower energy intake (0.994 [0.989–0.999]), and higher dietary iron intake (4.40 [1.12–17.26]) were associated with hypoferritinemia. Seventeen (50%) female athletes reported a decline in subjective performance during menstruation, albeit two took LEP regularly. Conclusions This study reveals that ID is a prevalent health concern among young female athletes across sports clubs. It underscores the need for their education on the importance of assessing ID status. Limitation includes the nature of single-site and observational study, the absence of hepcidin measurement, and an unspecified amount of exercise. Comprehensive investigations are needed to elucidate the causes and optimal treatments for ID in young athletes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesized that the ID would continue to be a primary health concern in university athletes across sports clubs in Japan, as our previous study [ 23 ]. Herein, we extend the observation study to include university athletes of badminton, baseball, and handball players.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of iron-deficient but non-anemic university athletes in Japan: an observational cohort study

Nabeyama,

Suzuki,

Saito

et al. 2023

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency and its association with body mass index in elite Japanese high school long-distance runners

Tabata,

Tsukahara,

Kamada

et al. 2023

The Physician and Sportsmedicine

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Association between Nutritional Intake Status and Appendicular Muscle Mass in Female University Students with a High Physical Activity Level*

Oshita

Myotsuzono

Tashiro

2023

Int. J. Sport Health Sci.

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This study investigated the association between nutritional intake and indices of muscle mass or strength in 104 female Japanese university students who participated in sports activities during their junior and senior high school periods and had a high current physical activity level (PAL). Body composition was measured by the bioelectrical impedance method, and appendicular muscle mass (AMM) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were evaluated as muscle mass. PAL was estimated using a factorial method and nutritional intake status was investigated using a food frequency questionnaire based on food groups (FFQg). Grip strength was measured as an index of muscle strength. According to the criteria for diagnosis of sarcopenia, four of the participants had low muscle mass and one also had low grip strength. Although there were no significant differences in body size or grip strength between participants with a high versus low SMI, participants with a low SMI had a significantly higher percentage of body fat (27.7 ± 4.7% vs. 23.3 ± 4.1%), and significantly lower AMM (16.0 ± 1.4 kg vs. 20.6 ± 1.5 kg), total energy intake (1770.4 ± 386.5 kcal/d vs. 2017.1 ± 389.9 kcal/d), and protein intake (57.3 ± 15.0 g/d vs. 67.0 ± 14.2 g/d), as well as a tendency to have a significantly lower carbohydrate intake (239.6 ± 49.3 g/d vs. 268.1 ± 54.4 g/d), than those with a high SMI. These results indicate that even some female university students with a high PAL have a lower muscle mass and might have a low dietary intake, mainly protein and carbohydrate. The results of multiple regression analysis of AMM, SMI, or grip strength with PAL and nutrient intake revealed that PAL and total energy intake or protein intake were significantly and positively associated with muscle mass and strength. These results suggest that a high PAL as well as total energy intake and protein intake among the macronutrients contribute to high muscle mass and muscle strength in young women.

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Prevalence of iron deficiency among university kendo practitioners in Japan: an observational cohort study

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Prevalence of iron-deficient but non-anemic university athletes in Japan: an observational cohort study

Prevalence of iron-deficient but non-anemic university athletes in Japan: an observational cohort study

Prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency and its association with body mass index in elite Japanese high school long-distance runners

Association between Nutritional Intake Status and Appendicular Muscle Mass in Female University Students with a High Physical Activity Level*

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