Prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
, and Vibrio vulnificus
 in blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus
), seawater and sediments of the Maryland Coastal Bays

Rodgers, C. J.; Parveen, Salina; Chigbu, Paulinus; Jacobs, John M.; Rhodes, Matt; Harter‐Dennis, J. M.

doi:10.1111/jam.12608

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…parahaemolyticus samples in our study was in agreement with the results of some recent studies in other countries [29–31], although the species investigated as well as the sampling locations differed. However, few studies are available concerning the levels of pathogenic V .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Temporal and Spatial Variation in the Abundance of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shellfish in China

Han

Yan

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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We investigated the abundance of total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shellfish sampled from four provinces in China during May 2013 and March 2014 using the most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR) method. Total V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 67.7% of 496 samples. A total of 38.1% and 10.1% of samples exceeded 1,000 MPN g-1 and 10,000 MPN g-1, respectively. V. parahaemolyticus densities followed a seasonal and geographical trend, with Guangxi and Sichuan shellfish possessing total V. parahaemolyticus levels that were 100-fold higher than those of the Liaoning and Shandong regions. Moreover, the levels of V. parahaemolyticus were at least 10-fold higher in the summer and autumn than in the cooler seasons. Pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus levels were generally lower than total V. parahaemolyticus levels by several log units and tended to be high in samples contaminated with high total V. parahaemolyticus levels. The aqua farms had a lower prevalence but higher abundance of total V. parahaemolyticus compared to retail markets. The catering markets showed the lowest levels of total V. parahaemolyticus, but 20.0% of samples exceeded 1,000 MPN g-1. The levels of both total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in oysters were higher than in clams. The log-transformed abundance of V. parahaemolyticus was significantly correlated with both water temperature and air temperature but not water salinity. These results provide baseline contamination data of V. parahaemolyticus in shellfish in China, which can be applied to local risk assessments to prioritize risk control to key sectors and evaluate the effectiveness of future control measures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Temporal and Spatial Variation in the Abundance of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shellfish in China

Han

Yan

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…A most-probable-number (MPN) estimate of Vibrio sp. numbers was done using standard MPN tables for a three-tube series in triplicate (15,37). One milliliter of each tidal water sample was diluted using 9 ml of alkaline peptone water (APW), and 10 Ϫ1 to 10 Ϫ6 dilutions were made in 9 ml of APW in triplicates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For MPN enumeration, 10 g of each mud sample was added to 90 ml of APW, and 10 Ϫ1 to 10 Ϫ6 dilutions were made in 9 ml of APW in triplicates. The tubes were incubated overnight at 37°C (15,37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…V. vulnificus is an opportunistic human pathogen. Although human infections are rare, V. vulnificus disease causes the highest hospitalization (91.3%) and mortality (34.4%) rates of all foodborne diseases in the United States (14)(15)(16). One of the possible virulence determinants in V. vulnificus, vvp, which encodes elastolytic protease, may be a causative agent for skin lesions (16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Season-Specific Occurrence of Potentially Pathogenic Vibrio spp. on the Southern Coast of South Korea

Lee

Jang

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Vibrio species are widely distributed in warm estuarine and coastal environments, and they can infect humans through the consumption of raw and mishandled contaminated seafood. In this study, we aimed to isolate and observe the distribution of enteropathogenic Vibrio spp. from environments of the southern coast of South Korea over a season cycle. A total of 10,983 isolates of Vibrio spp. were obtained from tidal water and mud samples over a 1-year period from five sampling sites along the southwest coast of South Korea. We found that Vibrio alginolyticus (n ϭ 6,262) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (n ϭ 1,757) were ubiquitous in both tidal water and mud year round, whereas Vibrio cholerae (n ϭ 24) and Vibrio vulnificus (n ϭ 130) were seasonally specific to summer. While all V. cholerae isolates were nontoxigenic (non-O1 and non-O139), more than 88% of V. vulnificus isolates possessed the virulence factor elastolytic protease (encoded by vvp). Interestingly, V. parahaemolyticus, which was omnipresent in all seasons, contained the virulence factors thermostable direct hemolysin (encoded by tdh) and thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (encoded by trh) in larger amounts in June (29 trh-positive strains) and September (14 tdh-, 36 trh-, and 12 tdh-and trh-positive strains) than in December (4 trh-positive strains) and February (3 tdh-positive strains), and virulence factors were absent from isolates detected in April. To understand why virulence factors were detected only in the warm season and were absent in the cold season although the locations are static, long-term monitoring and particularly seasonal study are necessary. IMPORTANCEThe presence of enteropathogenic Vibrio species (Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus), which cause acute diarrheal infection, septicemia, and wound infections upon ingestion through food and water, is usually associated with temperature. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that there are 1.4 to 4.3 million cases and 28,000 to 142,000 deaths per year worldwide caused by cholera disease. In South Korea alone, consumption is as much as 52.4 kg of fish and shellfish per year per capita. Our findings suggested that seasonally specific acceleration of these possible pathogenic Vibrio spp. may threaten seafood safety and increase the risk of illness in South Korea, where local people consume raw fish during warmer months.

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“…Numerous prevalence studies and outbreaks of V. parahaemolyticus infection have been extensively reported in oysters, clams, cockles, mussels, crabs, and shrimps (Newton et al, 2014; Rodgers et al, 2014; Xu et al, 2014; Malcolm et al, 2015). In finfish species, qualitative detection of V. parahaemolyticus in the anchovies ( Engraulis spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Short Mackerels (Rastrelliger brachysoma) in Malaysia

et al. 2017

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Numerous prevalence studies and outbreaks of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection have been extensively reported in shellfish and crustaceans. Information on the quantitative detection of V. parahaemolyticus in finfish species is limited. In this study, short mackerels (Rastrelliger brachysoma) obtained from different retail marketplaces were monitored with the presence of total and pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus. Out of 130 short mackerel samples, 116 (89.2%) were detected with the presence of total V. parahaemolyticus and microbial loads of total V. parahaemolyticus ranging from <3 to >105 MPN/g. Prevalence of total V. parahaemolyticus was found highest in wet markets (95.2%) followed by minimarkets (89.1%) and hypermarkets (83.3%). Pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains (tdh+ and/or trh+) were detected in 16.2% (21 of 130) of short mackerel samples. The density of tdh+ V. parahaemolyticus strains were examined ranging from 3.6 to >105 MPN/g and microbial loads of V. parahaemolyticus strains positive for both tdh and trh were found ranging from 300 to 740 MPN/g. On the other hand, antibiotic susceptibility profiles of V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from short mackerels were determined through disc diffusion method in this study. Assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility profile of V. parahaemolyticus revealed majority of the isolates were highly susceptible to ampicillin sulbactam, meropenem, ceftazidime, and imipenem, but resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin. Two isolates (2.99%) exhibited the highest multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index value of 0.41 which shown resistance to 7 antibiotics. Results of the present study demonstrated that the occurrence of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains in short mackerels and multidrug resistance of V. parahaemolyticus isolates could be a potential public health concerns to the consumer. Furthermore, prevalence data attained from the current study can be further used to develop a microbial risk assessment model to estimate health risks associated with the consumption of short mackerels contaminated with pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus.

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Prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus , and Vibrio vulnificus in blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus ), seawater and sediments of the Maryland Coastal Bays

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Temporal and Spatial Variation in the Abundance of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shellfish in China

Temporal and Spatial Variation in the Abundance of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shellfish in China

Season-Specific Occurrence of Potentially Pathogenic Vibrio spp. on the Southern Coast of South Korea

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Short Mackerels (Rastrelliger brachysoma) in Malaysia

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