Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Data regarding hypertension prevalence among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Saudi Arabia are scarce. This study was aimed at estimating the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis who presented at the OPD of two major hospitals in Riyadh city. Patient information such as demographic characteristics, comorbidities, drug use, and other clinical data were captured through medical record review and supplemented by patient interviews. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the significant factors for hypertension. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was found in 32.35% of the 1490 rheumatoid arthritis patients who participated in our study. Logistic regression analyses revealed that advanced age, female sex, low education level, unemployment, smoking, and consulting with physicians less than two times within the past 12 months were risk factors for increased hypertension prevalence among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A significantly higher risk of hypertension was observed among RA patients with obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cancer, kidney disease, osteoporosis, and Parkinson's disease than among patients without these comorbidities. Conclusion: Hypertension is highly prevalent among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and advanced age, sex, low educational level, unemployment, smoking, and comorbidities are risk factors for increased hypertension prevalence.

Exploring Hypertension Incidence and Predictors in a Prospective Cohort Study of Kharameh in Southern Iran

“…Our study provides strong evidence supporting the relationship between pre-hypertension and hypertension, which is consistent with ndings from other studies (55-58). Many cross-sectional studies have reported hypertension as a risk factor for rheumatoid disease (59,60). Whether it is a risk factor for rheumatoid disease or not requires more longitudinal studies.…”