Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotype among Moroccan women during a local screening program

Abstract

Introduction: Many studies have indicated a causal relationship between genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genotypes of six high-risk oncogenic human papillomaviruses in cervical lesions from Moroccan women with normal and abnormal cytology. Methodology: The study included 938 women from the Children's and Mothers' Pathology Department of Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat. Cytopathology examination was done by routine PAP smear testing. HPV DNA testing was conducted using DNA amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction with subsequent typing by hybridization with specific probes for HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 and 45. Results: Cytopathology testing showed that only 16.3 % had an abnormal cytology, with a predominance of atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) cases. The overall HPV prevalence was 15.7%. According to the cytology results, HPV infection was detected in 15.8% of normal and 14.38% of abnormal cases. Specific HPV genotyping showed a predominance of HPV 16 and 18. Double infection (HPV 16 + 18) was found in two cases whereas multiple infections (HPV 16+18+31) were detected in only one case. Evaluation of the relationship between HPV status and some environmental risk factors, including individual, socio-economic, and hygiene status, showed a significant association between HPV infection and oral contraceptive use. Conclusion: Based on these data, a combination of cytology and HPV DNA testing allows for identification of patients with a high risk of developing high-grade cervical lesions and improves cervical cancer prevention.

Human papillomavirus genotypes among women with or without HIV infection: an epidemiological study of Moroccan women from the Souss area

“…Indeed, the rate of HPV was 13.3 % in HIV-negative women and 39.3 % in HIV-positive women. Three Moroccan studies in patients attending the Hospital in Rabat [ 18 , 19 ] and Casablanca [ 20 ] reported results similar to ours. The overall prevalence of HPV was lower (6 %) in the study by Amrani et al , but the number of cytological intraepithelial lesions was low (2.5 % LGSIL and 0.7 % HGSIL) [ 21 ] compared to our series (12.9 % of LGSIL and 5.2 % of HGSIL).…”

The Human papillomavirus among women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Morocco A prospective cross-sectional study

“…In this study, we found a significantly higher 481 prevalence of HPV infection in women living with HIV/AIDS (74.50%) and HR-HPV types were present in the vast majority of cases (75%). These findings highlighted that the HPV prevalence in the HIVpositive Moroccan women was significantly higher than observed in the general population (15.7%-43.1%) [6][7][8]. This seems to be in line with other previous reports which documents high proportion of HIVinfected women carrying varieties of HR-HPV types [27,28].…”

“…This result seems to be in line with previous reports [36,44]. In contrast, this molecular epidemiology profile was not consistent with observed in HIV-negative women [6][7][8] or women with CC in Morocco [9][10][11][12], in whom HPV 16 and 18 predominate. Such discrepancies between groups (HIVpositive and HIV-negative) has been reported in previous studies and may partly due to immune system deficiency [30,45].…”

“…This heterogenous virus family includes more than 200 genotypes [5]. Previous studies in Moroccan women have been reported an inconsistent prevalence of HPV with 15.7% [6] in Rabat and 42.5-43.1% in Fez region [7,8]. However, the prevalence was much higher, ranging from 62% to 92%, among Moroccan women with CC [9][10][11][12].…”

Distribution of Carcinogenic Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and Association to Cervical Lesions among Women in Fez (Morocco)

“…However, some studies have been made and the prevalence of HPV infections in Moroccan women has been determined in some regions [ 11 – 13 ]. Two distinct studies have even evaluated the distribution of some HPV types (HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45 and 59) in women attending the Mother and Children department of Ibn Sina Hospital or in cervical carcinoma biopsies collected in the Oncologic Center in Casablanca [ 12 , 13 ]. A high prevalence of HPV in Fez was reported but the distribution of HPV types is unknown [ 11 ].…”