Prevalence of human papillomavirus,Chlamydia trachomatis, andNeisseria gonorrhoeae in commercial sex workers in Japan

Ishi, Kazuhisa; Suzuki, Fujihiko; Saito, Akira; Kubota, Takeyoshi

doi:10.1002/1098-0997(2000)8:5<235::aid-idog1025>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The prevalence of cervical HPV is comparable to that observed in FSW in Japan (48%)[31], Korea (47%)[23], Tunisia 43.8%[32], Senegal (43%)[33], and Bulgaria (43.4%)[34], but somewhat lower than other locales including Vietnam (85%)[6], Kenya (55.6%)[35], Peru 65.8%[36] and the Philippines (57.2%)[9]. The mean age of FSW in these studies ranged from 24–31 years old, similar to our study (mean 26 years old).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Cervical human papillomavirus infection among young women engaged in sex work in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: prevalence, genotypes, risk factors and association with HIV infection

et al. 2012

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Background Although cervical cancer is the leading cancer in Cambodia, most women receive no routine screening for cervical cancer and few treatment options exist. Moreover, nothing is known regarding the prevalence of cervical HPV or the genotypes present among women in the country. Young sexually active women, especially those with multiple sex partners are at highest risk of HPV infection. We examine the prevalence and genotypes of cervical HPV, as well as the associated risk factors among young women engaged in sex work in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 220 young women (15–29 years) engaged in sex work in different venues including brothels or entertainment establishments, and on a freelance basis in streets, parks and private apartments. Cervical specimens were collected using standard cytobrush technique. HPV DNA was tested for by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyping using type-specific probes for 29 individual HPV types, as well as for a mixture of 10 less common HPV types. All participants were also screened for HIV status using blood samples. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess risk factors for any or multiple HPV infection. Results The prevalence of cervical HPV 41.1%. HPV 51 and 70 were the most common (5.0%), followed by 16 (4.6%), 71 (4.1%) and 81 (3.7%). Thirty-six women (16.4%) were infected with multiple genotypes and 23.3% were infected with at least one oncogenic HPV type. In multivariate analyses, having HIV infection and a higher number of sexual partners were associated with cervical HPV infection. Risk factors for infection with multiple genotypes included working as freelance female sex workers (FSW) or in brothels, recent binge use of drugs, high number of sexual partners, and HIV infection. Conclusions This is the first Cambodian study on cervical HPV prevalence and genotypes. We found that HPV infection was common among young FSW, especially among women infected with HIV. These results underscore the urgent need for accessible cervical cancer screening and treatment, as well as for a prophylactic vaccine that covers the HPV subtypes present in Cambodia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Cervical human papillomavirus infection among young women engaged in sex work in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: prevalence, genotypes, risk factors and association with HIV infection

et al. 2012

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“…However, its infectious frequency is believed to be around 10% on an average from a global perspective [1,2]. As compared to other studies with healthy women in Japan (~5.8% on average; 3.0-3.8% Tokyo [39,41]; 5.6% Fukuoka [42]; 8.3-8.8% Miyasaki [43,44]; 1.7% Nasushiobara [45]; 9.5% Wako [46]), the prevalence of C. trachomatis in Sapporo City that we estimated (14.3%) was unique. Our result is supported by a previous study showing a C. trachomatis detection frequency of 11.3% in Sapporo [47].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis in Ureaplasma-positive healthy women attending their first prenatal visit in a community hospital in Sapporo, Japan

et al. 2012

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Background Although Chlamydia trachomatis is the most commonly reported pathogen that causes urogenital infection such as urethritis or cervicitis, Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum , which are commensals in the genital tract, have also now been recognized as contributors to urogenital infection. However, whether the presence of either U. parvum or U. urealyticum is related to that of C. trachomatis in the urogenital tract remains unknown. We therefore attempted to estimate by PCR the prevalence of C. trachomatis, U. parvum and U. urealyticum in endocervical samples obtained from healthy women attending their first prenatal visit in Sapporo, Japan. Methods The samples were taken from 303 apparently healthy women, and the extracted DNAs ( n = 280) were used for PCR detection targeting C. trachomatis, U. parvum and U. urealyticum . Statistical analysis of the data was performed by Fisher's exact test. Results PCR detection revealed that the prevalence of C. trachomatis, U. parvum and U. urealyticum was 14.3% (40/280), 41.7% (117/280) and 8.9% (25/280), respectively. C. trachomatis ompA genotype D was most frequently identified. Surprisingly, either C. trachomatis or Ureaplasma spp. was detected in almost half of the healthy women. Mixed infection of C. trachomatis with either U. parvum or U. urealyticum was also observed in 9.2% (26/280) of the women. There was a significant association between C. trachomatis and either U. parvum ( p = 0.023) or Ureaplasma total ( p = 0.013), but not U. urealyticum ( p = 0.275). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the presence of Ureaplasma had a significant effect on the presence of C. trachomatis in the genital tract of healthy women, suggesting that mixed infection is an important factor in bacterial pathogenesis in the genital tract.

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“…The prevalence of HPV infection in female CSWs from other countries was 57% in the Philippines [11], 39% in Spain [12], 32% in Australia [13] and 48% in Japan [14]. In our previous data [15], the prevalence of HPV infection in high-risk women was 47% with the Hybrid Capture II method (Digene Diagnostics).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution among high-risk Korean women for prospecting the strategy of vaccine development

Rhee

Shin²,

Kim³

et al. 2010

Virol J

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We investigated the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes among 2,308 high-risk Korean women to predict how much the current prophylactic HPV vaccines might affect the prevention of cervical cancer in Korea. HPV DNA was detected in 939 women (40.7%) but only one-third of women were positive for HPV-16 and/or HPV-18, the genotypes used for developing the HPV vaccines. Thus, the development of area-specific HPV vaccines based on dominant HPV genotypes in our country is needed for preventing HPV infection and the development of premalignant lesions in the cervix of Korean women. FindingsInfection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as a causal and necessary factor for developing cervical cancer [1,2], which is the fourth of the most common cancer in South Korean women [3]. More than 140 different HPV genotypes have been characterized and approximately 50 of these genotypes are known to infect the genital tract and be oncogenic or high-risk (HR) types . HR genotypes are significantly associated with progression to invasive cervical cancer [2,4]. Therefore, assessment of the HPV genotypic spectrum among sexually active women is important for predicting public health problems such as the risks of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer [5,6].HPV-16, the most common HR type, is detected in 50 -60% of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and invasive cervical cancers and HPV-18 is followed by an incidence of 10 -20% [4,7]. Thus, HPV-16 and -18 are considered as the types responsible for causing most cervical cancers in many countries [4,7]. Clinical trials have reported that these vaccines can protect many uninfected women from developing precancerous cervical lesions caused by 9]. In spite of their high effectiveness to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer, the usefulness of these vaccines is still being debated because of the differences in the geographical distribution of HPV genotypes [10].Vaccines against HPV-16 and -18 have been developed to help the prevention of cervical cancer and the use of Merck's Gardasil (the quadrivalent vaccine for ) and GSK's Cervarix (the bivalent vaccine for HPV-16 and -18) have been licensed by the Korea Food and Drug Administration. Populationbased study for the distribution of HPV genotype is needed to predict how much these vaccines might influence to the prevention of cervical cancer.In the present study, the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes among high-risk women, which are called as commercial sex workers (CSWs) by other countries, were examined to predict whether the developed HPV vaccines are sufficient for preventing HPV infection and the development of premalignant lesions of the cervix in South Korea. A cohort of 2,308 high-risk women visiting for regular sexually transmitted infection testing in public health centers in four different regions (Seoul, Busan, Gwangju and Jeollanamdo) was enrolled in this study. Specimens were collecte...

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Prevalence of human papillomavirus,Chlamydia trachomatis, andNeisseria gonorrhoeae in commercial sex workers in Japan

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Cervical human papillomavirus infection among young women engaged in sex work in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: prevalence, genotypes, risk factors and association with HIV infection

Cervical human papillomavirus infection among young women engaged in sex work in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: prevalence, genotypes, risk factors and association with HIV infection

Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis in Ureaplasma-positive healthy women attending their first prenatal visit in a community hospital in Sapporo, Japan

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution among high-risk Korean women for prospecting the strategy of vaccine development

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