Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in liver donors in Spain

Rivero‐Juárez, Antonio; Aguado, Rocío; López‐López, Pedro; Sánchez-Frías, Marina; Frías, Mario; Briceño, Javier; Mata, Manuel de la; Torre‐Cisneros, Julián

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2018.06.030

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The results of our experiment in cynomolgus monkeys evidenced a persistent HEV infection associated with tacrolimus-induced immunosuppression, thus reinforcing the potential risk of chronic hepatitis E for immunocompromised individuals, such as SOT recipients. Considering that the detection of HEV RNA in immunocompetent individuals, such as blood donors, is not uncommon [ 122 ], organ donor screening for HEV RNA and antigen has been considered in some countries, as a public health measure to prevent donor-to-recipient transmission, especially among immunosuppressed SOT recipients [ 93 , 123 ]. In addition, immunosuppressed patients should avoid consuming undercooked pork meat, since HEV-3 infections can progress to chronic hepatitis with life-threatening consequences.…”

Section: Hepatitis E Virus In Brazil: Forth and Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus Research in Brazil: Looking Back and Forwards

Oliveira

Santos

Pinto

2023

Viruses

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has emerged as a public health concern in Brazil. From the first identification and characterization of porcine and human HEV-3 strains in the 2000s, new HEV subtypes have been identified from animal, human, and environmental isolates. As new potential animal reservoirs have emerged, there is a need to compile evidence on the zoonotic dissemination of the virus in animal hosts and the environment. The increasing amount of seroprevalence data on sampled and randomly selected populations must be systematically retrieved, interpreted, and considered under the One Health concept. This review focused on HEV seroprevalence data in distinct animal reservoirs and human populations reported in the last two decades. Furthermore, the expertise with experimental infection models using non-human primates may provide new insights into HEV pathogenesis, prevention, and environmental surveillance.

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Section: Hepatitis E Virus In Brazil: Forth and Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus Research in Brazil: Looking Back and Forwards

Oliveira

Santos

Pinto

2023

Viruses

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“…In the case of Spain, there is limited information about the distribution of HEV-3 subtypes in humans. All HEV subtypes obtained in a retrospective study of patients in 2000–2004 and 2007–2008 [ 23 ] and in liver donors [ 24 ] were HEV-3f. In Spanish pig populations, several studies have shown that HEV-3 has long been present, and in 2017, subtypes HEV-3f and HEV-3m were detected in two pig liver samples [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 microbiological surveillance by the Spanish Reference Laboratory: geographic distribution and phylogenetic analysis of subtypes from 2009 to 2019

et al. 2022

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Background Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) is widely distributed throughout Europe, with incidence of infections increasing in many countries. Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom have reported the distribution of HEV-3 subtypes in cohorts of patients with hepatic disease. Aim To describe the distribution of the HEV-3 subtypes in Spain at national and autonomous community (AC) levels between 2009 and 2019. The study was also extended to Andorra. Methods Of 5,197 samples received by the National Reference Laboratory during the study, 409 were HEV-RNA-positive. Among these, 294 (71.9%) were further typed based on an ORF2 sequence fragment, or, for a subset of 74, based on the full-coding genome sequence. Results HEV-3 was detected in 291 samples. The dominant subtype in Spain was HEV-3f (88.3%; 257/291), which occurred in all ACs, with no change in detection level over time. Within this subtype, three subclusters were characterised: HEV-3f-B, HEV-3f-A1 and HEV-3f-A2. The second most common HEV subtype was the recently described HEV-3m (7%; 21/291), with two subclusters identified: HEV-3m-A, which has been known since 2010, and HEV-3m-B, since 2014. The third most encountered subtype was HEV-3c (4.1%; 12/291), with a frequency not increasing over time, unlike observations in some European countries. Conclusion The importance of the surveillance of HEV-3 subtype and subcluster circulation is yet to be assessed. This surveillance together with the comprehensive epidemiological characterisation of clinical cases, could support the identification of sources of transmission and the establishment of control measures nationally and internationally.

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“…The risk for HEV transmission during transplantation has been recognized in the United Kingdom and Spain ( 25 , 26 ); guidelines from both countries recommend organ donor HEV screening. This recommendation is further supported by a recent study that reported that 1 (0.95%) of every 105 liver grafts is contaminated with HEV ( 27 ). The screening method of choice is nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT), which is more sensitive than serologic testing ( 13 , 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Donor-Derived Genotype 4 Hepatitis E Virus Infection, Hong Kong, China, 2018

Sridhar¹,

Cheng²,

Wong³

et al. 2019

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 4 (HEV-4) is an emerging cause of acute hepatitis in China. Less is known about the clinical characteristics and natural history of HEV-4 than HEV genotype 3 infections in immunocompromised patients. We report transmission of HEV-4 from a deceased organ donor to 5 transplant recipients. The donor had been viremic but HEV IgM and IgG seronegative, and liver function test results were within reference ranges. After a mean of 52 days after transplantation, hepatitis developed in all 5 recipients; in the liver graft recipient, disease was severe and with progressive portal hypertension. Despite reduced immunosuppression, all HEV-4 infections progressed to persistent hepatitis. Four patients received ribavirin and showed evidence of response after 2 months. This study highlights the role of organ donation in HEV transmission, provides additional data on the natural history of HEV-4 infection, and points out differences between genotype 3 and 4 infections in immunocompromised patients.

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Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in liver donors in Spain

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Hepatitis E Virus Research in Brazil: Looking Back and Forwards

Hepatitis E Virus Research in Brazil: Looking Back and Forwards

Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 microbiological surveillance by the Spanish Reference Laboratory: geographic distribution and phylogenetic analysis of subtypes from 2009 to 2019

Donor-Derived Genotype 4 Hepatitis E Virus Infection, Hong Kong, China, 2018

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