Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Hepatitis B Virus Infected Patients in Qom Province, Center of Iran

Ghadir, Mohammad Reza; Belbasi, Mojtaba; Heidari, Alireza; Sarkeshikian, Seyed Saeid; Kabiri, Alireza; Ghanooni, Amir Hossein; Iranikhah, Abolfazl; Vaez-Javadi, Maryam; Alavian, Seyed Moayed

doi:10.5812/hepatmon.847

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, a wide range of prevalence rates between 2% and 17.3% was observed in these Iranian studies. In center of Iran, the rate of HDV was 2% in Qom province (14) and 2.9% in Isfahan (15). It was 5.8% in Golestan Province (in the North)(16-18), 9.3% in Tabriz and Tehran Hepatitis Clinics (in the North-West and central area) (19), and 17.3% in Hamedan Province (in the West) (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Attending Birjand Hepatitis Clinic (East of Iran) in 2012

Ziaee

Azarkar

2013

Hepat Mon

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BackgroundHepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus dependent on Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection for its replication and expression. All patients with HBV infection should be tested for the presence of HDV infection. It is estimated that approximately 5% of hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) carriers in the world are HDV infected patients. HBV-HDV co-infection may lead to more severe acute disease and higher risks of fulminant hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma than those having HBV infection alone. Also, HBV infected patients with HDV super-infection have a higher rate of progression to chronic disease and serious complications.ObjectivesOur aim was to determine the prevalence of HDV infection among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients attending Birjand Hepatitis Clinic, East of Iran.Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 413 CHB patients in 2012. Serology test for anti-HDV was measured by ELISA in these patients. CHB patients had positive hepatitis B surface antigen for at least 6 months before the study entrance.ResultsThe mean age of CHB patients was 38.5± 11.9 years and 55.9% of them (231 patients) were male. There were 13 cases (3.1%) with HDV infection. There was no association between positive anti-HDV serology and factors such as age, gender, carrier state, liver enzymes, and positive hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) serology.ConclusionsAlthough HDV had a low prevalence in our area, it is important for healthcare providers and policy makers to plan preventive strategies for HDV spread as well as HBV prevention programs among high risk population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Attending Birjand Hepatitis Clinic (East of Iran) in 2012

Ziaee

Azarkar

2013

Hepat Mon

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“…Genotype 1 has been distributed worldwide, whereas other HDV genotypes circulate unevenly. The prevalence of HDV in Iranian hepatitis B infected individuals reported to be between 2.5% and 5.8% (5-7), and the major genotype was genotype I (8, 9). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) Infection in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Unusual Clinical Pictures

et al. 2013

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BackgroundProbably 5% of the HBV carriers have HDV super infection. The risk of fulminant hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is higher in superinfection than the settings when HBV is alone.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HDV in Iranian HBV isolates and to compare their clinical and virological pictures as well as their HDV genetic variations with other worldwide isolates.Patients and Methods81 carriers with positive results for HBsAg with upper limit ranges of ALT and low or undetectable levels of HBV viral load who did not respond to HBV therapy were selected. After RT amplification of HDV Delta antigen, direct sequencing and phylogenetic study were performed to explore the genotype(s) and nucleotide/amino acid variations.Results12 (14.8%) patients had positive results for both HDV RNA and anti-HDV. The mean ALT level was higher in HDV positive patients (75.9 U/ML) than HBV-mono-infected individuals; however, the mean HBV viral load was lower in coinfected patients than HBV-mono-infected patients. Phylogenetically, genotype I was the only detected genotype, and the most closely related isolates were of Turkish, Italian and Mongolian origin. Within the delta Ag, there were 326 nucleotide mutations, of which 111 and 215 were silent and missense, respectively. The total number of amino acid substitution was 148; most were located in known functional/epitopic domains. There was no correlation between the numbers of amino acid mutations, with clinical, virological status of the patients.ConclusionsHDV should be suspected in HBV carriers with unusual clinical and virological pictures. Relatedness of Iranian HDV isolates to Italian and Turkish sequences proposed a common Caucasian origin for the distribution of HDV genotype I in this ethnic group.

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“…The major concern of reviewer was about the positive Hepatitis D patient (2). Due to high number of cases in our study, the prevalence of Hepatitis D is very low (3). …”

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confidence: 77%

“…So P value of likelihood ratio is not reported and both of P values are related to fisher exact test (3). …”

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confidence: 99%

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Ghadir

2012

Hepat Mon

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Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Hepatitis B Virus Infected Patients in Qom Province, Center of Iran

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Attending Birjand Hepatitis Clinic (East of Iran) in 2012

Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Attending Birjand Hepatitis Clinic (East of Iran) in 2012

Prevalence of Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) Infection in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Unusual Clinical Pictures

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