Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and genotypes in patient with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

Abstract

The prevalence of antibodies to HCV varies among Brazilian regions at rates of 8-16%. Since this virus is transmitted by the parenteral route through blood and blood products, patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis therapy are at an increased risk of infection. The study was conducted in seven dialysis centers in Belém, Pará, northern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 798 patients with chronic renal disease treated by hemodialysis. The samples were tested for antibodies against HCV and the viral genotype was identified. Sixty-seven (8.4%) of the 798 patients studied were anti-HCV positive by ELISA, ranging from 4% to 14% in different centers. Viral RNA was detected in 5.3% (43/798) of the patients; of these, 42 also had anti-HCV antibodies. HCV genotyping revealed genotype 1 as the most common, detected in 86.1% (37/43) of the patients, followed by genotype 2 in 11.6% (5/43) and genotype 3 in one patient (2.3%). The findings of this study highlight the importance of control strategies for hepatitis C in hemodialysis patients. Molecular biology methods need to be available in these centers to screen for HCV on admission in order to establish effective infection control measures.

Emergence of New Epidemiological Hepatitis B and C Profiles in High Risk Groups in Latin America

“…In North region, anti-HCV prevalences from 4 to 14% were found in 7 dialysis center in Para State in 2013. In this study, HCV RNA was detected in 5.3% of the patients and genotype 1 was the most frequent, followed by genotypes 2 and 3 [74]. Recently, Barbosa-Ribeiro et al [17] found 12.6% of anti-HCV prevalence in Hemodialysis patients at Northeast Brazil.…”

“…In 2007 to 2010, anti-HCV prevalence was 39.03% in this group in Cuba [99]. While in Colombia, patients from the cities of Bogotá and Medellin in 2003 presented 32.2% of anti-HCV [74]. In Peru, a study with multi-transfused patients from the seven largest hospitals in the country revealed 56.6% of anti-HCV prevalence [97].…”

Prevalence, mortality and healthcare utilization among Medicare beneficiaries with Hepatitis C in Haemodialysis units

“…For example, a prospective, observational study of adult haemodialysis patients randomly selected from 308 dialysis facilities in Europe and the United States during 1988‐2001 demonstrated that the mean HCV prevalence rate was 13.5% and varied from 2.6% to 22.9% between countries . Multiple other studies from various parts of the world reported HCV prevalence between 4% and 40% among patients receiving HD . Given that, even though the prevalence of HCV on HD among Medicare population was substantially higher than in no HD, we believe that our estimate of 4.2% is lower than the true disease burden.…”

Thrombocytopenia in end-stage renal disease and chronic viral hepatitis B or C

“…The dialysis vintage of patients with ESRD and CVH (mean of 137.6±83.95 months) was significantly higher (p = 0.004) than that of the control group (mean of 83.12±54.66 months). Patients in the group with ESRD and CVH had higher ALAT (p = 0.03), ASAT (p 11.4 9.4 1 ESRDend-stage renal disease; 2 CVHchronic viral hepatitis; 3 ALATalanine aminotransferase; 4 ASATaspartate aminotransferase; 5 CRP -C-reactive protein; 6 LDH -lactate dehydrogenase; 7 HA -hyaluronic acid; 8 SD standard derivation * p<0.05, significant value = 0.006) values, and lower serum albumin concentration (p = 0.001) levels, although median values were in the normal range. No statistically significant difference was found in CRP, LDH, HA, and Fibroscan values between the two groups.…”

“…Patients on HD also carry a greater risk of presenting with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with a much higher prevalence in developing countries (3). TCP is one of the most widespread complications of chronic viral hepatitis (CVH).…”