Prevalence of hepatitis B virus co-infection among HIV-seropositive persons attending antiretroviral clinics in the Eastern Region of Ghana

Kye-Duodu, Gideon; Nortey, Priscillia; Malm, Keziah; Nyarko, Kofi Mensah; Sackey, Samuel Oko; Ofori, Sampson B.; Afari, Edwin

doi:10.11604/pamj.supp.2016.25.1.6172

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…This can be explained by the fact that most women get screened for HIV during pregnancy as part of their pre-natal examination in order to curb mother to child transmission. As reported by previous studies, gender was not a risk factor for HBV infection ( P = 0.953) [ 3 , 11 – 13 ]. Conversely, Diwe et al in Nigeria reported that men were at higher risk of HBV infection than women due to sharing of injection equipments amongst drug addicts [ 14 ].…”

Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 71%

Sero-prevalence of HBsAg in naive HIV-infected patients in a rural locality of Cameroon

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveThis study was performed in order to fill the gap of knowledge regarding sero-epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) amongst Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and to assess the risk factors associated with HBV co-infection in a rural locality of Cameroon. A retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2008 to April 2014 within the Mfou District Hospital. Naive HIV-infected patients were enrolled in the study and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Preliminary pre-therapeutic data essential for follow-up was collected from the participants.ResultsOverall, the sample size was constituted of 712 HIV-infected patients. The prevalence of HBsAg was 8.99%. A significant difference was observed in the proportion of HBsAg positive subjects with respect to the year of inclusion; higher proportions were observed between 2011 and 2014 (P-value = 0.007). Majority of HBV co-infected participants had severe immuno-suppression with CD4 counts lower than 100 cells/µL as compared to HIV mono-infected population but the difference was not statistically significant. Our results confirm the high prevalence for HBV infection among HIV-infected patients in the Mfou District Hospital. These findings will enable stake holders to be better armed in the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health problem.

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Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 71%

Sero-prevalence of HBsAg in naive HIV-infected patients in a rural locality of Cameroon

et al. 2018

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“… Kubio et al [ 28 ] 2012 Report review Northern Blood donors NS 33 30.3 NS Low 6. Kye-Duodu [ 29 ] 2012 Cross-sectional Eastern HIV clinic 40.8 320 8.8 67.9 Medium 7. Sagoe et al [ 30 ] 2012 Cross-sectional Greater Accra HIV clinic ≥18 138 13.0 71 % High 8.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess the robustness of the HIV/HBV coinfection prevalence results, we performed a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis by iteratively removing one study at a time while recalculating the coinfection prevalence rate. The weight of the individual summaries on the pooled effect showed that the prevalence estimate was dominated by Walana et al [ 31 ], Archampong et al [ 35 ] and Kye-Duodu [ 29 ] (Fig. 4 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B coinfection in Ghana: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Agyeman¹,

Ofori‐Asenso²

2016

AIDS Res Ther

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BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection has been associated with higher morbidity and mortality and may impact significantly on healthcare resource utilization. However, in Ghana, accurate estimates of the prevalence of HIV/HBV coinfection needed to inform policy decisions and the design of public health interventions are currently lacking. In this study, our aim was to determine the HIV/HBV coinfection prevalence rate in Ghana.MethodsPrimary studies reporting prevalence of HIV/HBV coinfection in Ghana were retrieved through searches conducted in PubMed, science direct, Google scholar and Africa journals online (AJOL) databases. The websites of the Ministry of Health and Ghana Health Service were also searched for related reports or reviews. Additionally, the online repository of two leading Ghanaian universities were searched to identify unpublished thesis related to the subject. All online searches were conducted between 01/03/2016 and 12/03/2016. Further searches were conducted through reference screening of retrieved papers.ResultsTwelve (12) studies published between 1999 and 2016 and conducted across seven (7) regions of Ghana were included in this review. The three (3) regions with no studies’ representation were Upper East, Upper West and Central regions. The 12 included studies involved a total of 8162 HIV patients. The reported HIV/HBV coinfection prevalence rates ranged from 2.4 to 41.7 %. The pooled HIV/HBV coinfection prevalence rate was determined as 13.6 % (95 % CI 10.2–16.8 %; P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn Ghana, about one in seven HIV patients may be also be chronically infected with HBV. Preventive interventions and strategic policy directions including systematic screening of all newly diagnosed HIV cases for coinfection will be needed, so as to improve management strategies for HBV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) implementation.

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“…Results from earlier studies showed that age proves to be the most vital factor in all epidemiological studies of HIV and HBV [56,60,61]. Age-specific HIV/HBV co-infections revealed a higher prevalence among age groups 41-60 years (9.1%) compared to other age groups.…”

Section: Hiv/hbv Co-infectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Prevalence of Some Opportunistic Infections (OIs) and Co-infections among HIV-Infected Persons in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Okonko

Onwusor

Awanye

et al. 2020

SAJRM

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Aim: HIV/AIDS continues to spread globally and remains a worldwide pandemic. Opportunistic infections (OIs) occur more and are severe in people living with HIV who have weakened immune systems, and co-infection is another major challenge because it affects the rate to which the disease progress to AIDS. In the present study, a total of 100 HIV positive patients were recruited and evaluated for the presence of common opportunistic infections (OIs) and co-infections among HIV-infected individuals in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Prime Medical Consultants in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, between June 2012 and July 2015. Methods: A total of 100 HIV-infected individuals were recruited for this study (ages 1 to 70 years, 62 males and 38 females). Samples of blood, sputum, high vaginal swabs (HVS) and scrapped lesion from the mouth of the patients were collected. Blood samples were re-screened for the presence of HIV antibodies and HBsAg using the Determine HIV-1/2 (Alere), HIV ½ Stat-Pak (Chembio), HIV-1/2/P24/O ELISA kit and HBsAg one Ultra ELISA kit (Dia.Pro) following the respective manufacturer's instructions. The Ziehl-Neelsen sputum smear microscopy method was used for identifying tuberculosis (TB). Microscopical examination was done on HVS samples and lesions scrapings from the mouth to observe for Candida. Chi-square test was used to establish relationships between demographic factors and prevalence, and significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Of the 100 HIV positive patients, suspected case were 32.0% of TB, 28.0% of oral thrush and vaginosis, and 19.0% of hepatitis. The results of the laboratory analysis further showed that tuberculosis was the most common OI among others. Overall prevalence was 22.0% for TB, 11.0% for Candida albicans (oral thrush), 28.9% for Candida albicans (vaginosis) and 4.0% for HBV. Higher prevalence of TB was observed in the age groups 41 years & above (35.7%, P=0.14) and in males (22.6%, P=0.86). As for Candida albicans, the higher prevalence was found in age groups 21-40 years (19.1%, P=0.03) and in females only (28.9%), and higher prevalence of HBV was found in age groups 41 years & above (9.1%, P=0.78) and in females (5.3%, P=0.61). None of the variables (age and sex) evaluated in this study was statistically associated (P>0.05) with TB, Candida and HBV prevalence. Conclusion: The study has also shown that some opportunistic infections (candidiasis and Tuberculosis) and coinfections with HBV is prevalent among HIV infected individuals and this could largely be due to a compromised immune system as a result of the viral activities in the host cell. There is need therefore to routinely check for OIs and co-infections especially in the case of an immunocompromised individual. It is also imperative to note that the appropriate use of drugs against these OIs may be one of the strategies to extend the life span of AIDS patients. This will help to monitor how the disease progresses and its complications.

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Prevalence of hepatitis B virus co-infection among HIV-seropositive persons attending antiretroviral clinics in the Eastern Region of Ghana

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Sero-prevalence of HBsAg in naive HIV-infected patients in a rural locality of Cameroon

Sero-prevalence of HBsAg in naive HIV-infected patients in a rural locality of Cameroon

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B coinfection in Ghana: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of Some Opportunistic Infections (OIs) and Co-infections among HIV-Infected Persons in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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