Prevalence of Hepatitis A Virus in Bivalve Molluscs Sold in Granada (Spain) Fish Markets

Roldán, Elena Moreno; Rodríguez, Elena Espigares; García, Miguel Espigares; Navajas, Milagros Fernández-Crehuet

doi:10.1089/fpd.2012.1376

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although "snails" have not previously been reported as a source of HAV infection, consumption of mollusks is a well-known risk factor. [16][17][18][19] The non-Lao-Tai ethnicities in Lao PDR often have a lower socioeconomic status, poor housing and sanitation facilities, and less access to clean water, all explaining the higher HAV seroprevalence in this group. 20,21 The result that washing hands with soap was slightly associated with an increased risk of anti-HAV was surprising and difficult to explain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A Virus in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Khounvisith¹,

Xaiyaphet

Chanthavilay

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Despite several recent reports of outbreaks of hepatitis A, little is known about the disease burden in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR). We conducted a cross-sectional age-stratified seroprevalence study of antihepatitis A virus (HAV) IgG and risk factors in a rural province (Xiengkhouang) and Vientiane capital in Lao PDR. Overall, 62% of participants were anti-HAV positive in Xiengkhouang Province compared with 45.5% in Vientiane capital. In Xiengkhouang, 23.7% of 5-to 10-year-olds were already seropositive compared with 5% in Vientiane. A dramatic increase in seroprevalence occurred between 15-to 20-year and 21-to 30-year age-groups (35.7-62.4%, Xiengkhouang, and 11.5-69.7%, Vientiane) until essentially all older adults were positive in both locations. The main risk factors for HAV antibodies were age, non-Lao-Tai ethnicity, and food-related risk factors. In conclusion, Lao children seem to be exposed very early to HAV, particularly in rural settings, and exposure continues throughout their lives, mostly without being reported. In the older birth cohorts, the high seroprevalence may largely reflect poor sanitation and exposure during childhood. In Vientiane capital, the lower seroprevalence at young ages may reflect better water sanitation since the late 1990s. A comparison with neighboring Thailand indicates that the impact of improved sanitation in Lao PDR began only two decades later. Further improvements in water sanitation, in particular in the rural districts, and better food hygiene are warranted. Our study also suggests that HAV infections are underreported. Improved reporting would provide guidance for targeted interventions to further reduce HAV infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A Virus in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Khounvisith¹,

Xaiyaphet

Chanthavilay

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Part of our motivation for collecting and testing mussels in this study was that prior research has found that mussels can concentrate some viral pathogens (e.g., Hepatovirus A and Norwalk virus) through their filter-feeding capacity (Liping et al 2013;Pavoni et al 2013;Roldán et al 2013). As viruses are dispersed throughout the water, they may be circulated into the feeding pathway of mussels and eventually accumulate in their digestive systems, which can then become a source for continued infections (Roldán et al 2013). However, we did not identify mussels as a source POTENTIAL RESERVOIRS AND RISK FACTORS FOR VHSV IVB of VHSV IVb infection in Budd Lake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Reservoirs and Risk Factors for VHSV IVb in an Enzootic System: Budd Lake, Michigan

et al. 2017

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Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype IVb (VHSV IVb) has caused major, sporadic fish die-offs in the Laurentian Great Lakes region of North America since 2005. Presently, factors affecting VHSV IVb persistence in enzootic systems are not well understood. Even with annual surveillance, the virus can go undetected for several years after an outbreak before again re-emerging, which suggests that the virus is maintained in the system either below detectable levels or in untested reservoirs. The aim of this study was to identify potential reservoirs of VHSV IVb in Budd Lake, Michigan; VHSV IVb was first detected in Budd Lake in 2007 but remained undetected until 2011. Additionally, we explored the susceptibility of naive fish introduced into a water body enzootic for VHSV IVb by stocking age-0 Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides at varying densities into enclosures in the lake. The virus was not detected among samples of the fishes Notropis spp. and Lepomis spp., cylindrical papershell mussels Anodontoides ferussacianus, leeches (subclass Hirudinea), sediment, or water. However, the virus was successfully isolated from amphipods (family Hyalellidae) and Largemouth Bass held in the enclosures. Our finding of VHSV IVb in Hyalellidae amphipods in combination with other research that has detected the virus in Diporeia spp., a large benthic amphipod important as a food resource to Great Lake fishes, suggests that benthic macroinvertebrates are a reservoir for VHSV IVb in infected systems. If there are environmental reservoirs for VHSV IVb in infected systems, they are likely unevenly distributed. Findings of this study add to our understanding of the seemingly complex ecology of this deadly and economically detrimental virus. Received February 22, 2016; accepted October 16, 2016.

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Time trends in the prevalence of Escherichia coli and enterococci in bivalves harvested in Norway during 2007–2012

Lunestad¹,

Frantzen²,

Svanevik³

et al. 2016

Food Control

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Prevalence of Hepatitis A Virus in Bivalve Molluscs Sold in Granada (Spain) Fish Markets

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Hepatitis A Virus in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Hepatitis A Virus in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Potential Reservoirs and Risk Factors for VHSV IVb in an Enzootic System: Budd Lake, Michigan

Time trends in the prevalence of Escherichia coli and enterococci in bivalves harvested in Norway during 2007–2012

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