Prevalence of Goiter in rural area of Belgaum district, Karnataka

Kamath, Ramachandra; Bhat, Vinutha; Rao, Raghavendra; Acharya, Devdas; Ganesh, K; Kamath, Asha

doi:10.4103/0970-0218.45373

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This report is in line with previous findings elsewhere [6, 17, 23, 24, 26, 35, 36, 41, 42]. This might be due to a higher iodine requirement of females to support their growth and development [35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…On the other hand, about 57 % children had low urine iodine level (<100 ug/l) suggesting the presence of ID. This prevalence was in agreement with the report from South Tajiksitan (51.2 %) [36]. The difference in the median urinary iodine level between the current and the former study settings might be related to poor dietary intake of iodine rich food and low utilization of iodized salt in the study area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Iodine deficiency and associated factors among school children: a cross-sectional study in Ethiopia

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIodine deficiency remains a public health problem in the world. It is the leading cause of preventable mental retardation and brain damage worldwide. Though 12 million school age children are at risk of developing iodine deficiency, there is a scarcity of literature showing the magnitude of iodine deficiency in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of iodine deficiency among school children in Robe District, southeast Ethiopia.MethodsA school based cross–sectional study was conducted from February to June, 2015. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 422 children. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with iodine deficiency. In the multivariate analysis, variables with a P-value of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 393 school children participated in the study. The median urinary iodine level was 78 μg/l. About 57 and 43.5 % of the children were found with low urinary iodine level and goiter, respectively. Only 29 % of the households utilized adequately iodized salt. The result of the multivariate analysis revealed that the odds of iodine deficiency were higher among female [AOR = 2.23; 95 % CI: 1.54, 3.55] and older (10–12 years) [AOR = 2.21; 95 % CI: 1.44, 3.42] children.ConclusionIn this community, the prevalence of goiter and low urine iodine level is high. Thus, iodine deficiency exists as severe public health problem. In addition, there is a low utilization of iodized salt in the setting. Therefore, it is crucial to intensify efforts in the implementation of iodized salt. Moreover, attention should be given to school children to address ID.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Iodine deficiency and associated factors among school children: a cross-sectional study in Ethiopia

et al. 2016

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“…[ 2 ] Surveys conducted in various states showed that no state in the country is free from IDD. [ 3 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household use of iodized salt in rural area

Roy

Chaturvedi

Agrawal

et al. 2016

J Family Med Prim Care

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Background:Iodine deficiency is the world's single greatest cause of preventable mental retardation. In developing countries, only 69% of households are consuming iodized salt.Objective:To assess knowledge and practices with respect to the current use of iodized salt, and to estimate its uptake at the household level.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional survey was conducted in six villages under Rural Health Training Center. A total number of households surveyed were 253. The data collectors obtained verbal consent from the Family, and Pretested Standardized Questionnaire was administered in every selected household. The respondents were asked questions regarding salt purchasing and consumption habits, salt storage, awareness of iodized salt, and iodine deficiency diseases. Rapid iodized salt test kit (MBI kit) was used in the survey to assess iodine content in salt used in households.Results:In this study, 93.7% households were using packet salt. The most common source of information was a television (31.1%). More than half (53.8%) of the households were unaware of the benefits of iodine. About 62.5% of households were consuming adequately iodized salt. Significant association was found between the practice of storing salt in closed containers and use of packaged iodized salt (Chi-square value −37.6, P < 0.001), awareness about the benefits of iodine and type of salt used (P = 0.02) while no association was observed between the socioeconomic status and type of salt used in the household.Conclusions:Though the use of packet salt was more than 90%, adequately iodized salt was consumed only in 62.5%, and more than half of the subjects lacked the knowledge about iodine deficiency diseases.

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“…3 Enlargement of thyroid gland is the common manifestation of iodine deficiency. 4 Schoolchildren (6 to 12 years) are the most vulnerable group to iodine deficiency. 5 Its manifestations can range from minor neurological changes, to impaired learning ability and underperformance in school.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental, Urinary Iodine Status and Prevalence of Goitre among Schoolchildren in a High Altitude Area of Saudi Arabia

Ms¹,

D²

2015

Pak J Med Sci

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Objective:This study aimed to assess the iodine deficiency, prevalence of goitre among schoolchildren and measuring environmental iodine in Taif city, Saudi Arabia.Methods:A cross-sectional multistage cluster-sampling methodology was done on 1887 schoolchildren. Their urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and goitre prevalence was assessed. Blood level of triiodothyronin, thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating-hormone was carried out for students with normal, mild; moderate and sever iodine deficiency. The iodine content of salt, water and soil was also assessed.Results:Goitre prevalence was 7.4% and about 71% of the participants had UIC less than 100μg/L. An inverse relationship between median UIC and the percent prevalence of goitre was found. The mean serum T3, T4 and TSH were 1.05ng/dL, 6.81µg/dL, and 5.69mIU/L, respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between the mean value of urinary iodine and the mean value of both T3 and T4. While a significant negative correlation between the mean value of urinary iodine and the mean value of TSH was also noted.Conclusions:The results revealed the presence of a potential public health problem of iodine deficiency among school going children in high altitude areas of Saudi Arabia. There is a need to monitor and evaluate the salt iodization process, and distribute adequately iodized salt in the affected areas.

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Prevalence of Goiter in rural area of Belgaum district, Karnataka

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Iodine deficiency and associated factors among school children: a cross-sectional study in Ethiopia

Iodine deficiency and associated factors among school children: a cross-sectional study in Ethiopia

Household use of iodized salt in rural area

Environmental, Urinary Iodine Status and Prevalence of Goitre among Schoolchildren in a High Altitude Area of Saudi Arabia

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