Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in companion dogs in animal clinics, Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

Background and Aim: The practice of keeping animals as pets is becoming increasingly common. The upsurge of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms of animal origin is a health threat globally. This study aimed to identify the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in companion dogs in animal clinics in Surabaya, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 85 rectal swab samples were collected from companion dogs at five animal clinics in different regions of Surabaya, Indonesia. The presence of E. coli was identified from the samples using standard methods, followed by antibiotic sensitivity testing. The resistant isolates were examined for the presence of ESBL using the double-disk synergy test method. The phenotypically identified ESBL-producing E. coli was further confirmed with an automated system using Vitek-2. Results: The rectal swab samples (n=85) tested were 100% positive for E. coli isolates. Eight (9.41%) out of the 85 E. coli obtained from rectal swabs were extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers. All eight ESBL-producing E. coli were identified by automated Vitek-2 confirmatory tests. Conclusion: This study provides insight into the prevalence of ESBL-producing organisms isolated from companion dogs in Indonesia. This work indicates the need for the general public to be more aware of the role of companion animals in disseminating pathogenic organisms, since they serve as potential reservoirs in the spread of antibiotic resistance affecting human health.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococci in canine pyoderma in Thailand

“…Due to its easy application, time-and cost-effectiveness, the VITEK ® 2 system is being increasingly used in everyday practice [50]. This system efficiently identifies Staphylococci species, MRS, and other bacterial species [33,[51][52][53]. In our study, the Kappa analysis showed almost perfect agreement between the VITEK ® 2 system and molecular methods for overall identification.…”

First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand

“…Biochemical substrates utility profile-based VITEK ® 2 Compact automation was used in this study. It is a reliable method and has been used in several previous veterinary studies [32][33][34]. However, Crawford-Miksza et al [35] reported the misidentification of the variant biotype of E. coli O157:H7 as Escherichia fergusonii.…”

Prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli from local and broiler chickens at Cibinong market, West Java, Indonesia

“…According to a study conducted by Lukman et al [31], ESBL-producing E. coli was present in broiler feces in Bogor, Indonesia, which was related to the findings in this study. The results of this study are in accordance with several studies in Indonesia which reported that the ESBL-producing E. coli were identified from feces of broilers in Bogor reached 25% [32]; cloacal swabs of broilers from wet markets in Surabaya [23]; cloacal swab of layers in Blitar reached 7.03% [28]; swab cages and wastewater around broiler farm in Pasuruan 9.14% [33]; samples of chicken meat sold at Purwokerto's market reached 7.14% [34]; from environmental samples of dairy farms in Yogyakarta, Probolinggo, and East Java [35][36][37]; and from companion dogs in Surabaya reached 9.41% [38]. These findings were also similar to those reported by Lemlem et al [24], who detected blaCTX-M and blaTEM from broilers in Malaysia.…”

“…Gundran et al [39] also reported the detection of blaCTX-M and blaTEM in broilers from the Philippines. Numerous studies have reported that the same isolates have multiple beta-lactamase genes [38,39]. Recently, blaCTX-M was identified as the leading ESBL gene in the world [24,39].…”