Prevalence of dyslipidemia and factors affecting dyslipidemia in young adults with type 1 diabetes: evaluation of statin prescribing

Abstract

Background There is limited information about cardiovascular complications among young adults (YA) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who are transitioning from pediatric to adult care. We aimed to study the prevalence and associated factors of dyslipidemia (DLD) and statin treatment in these patients. Methods We recruited 129 YA with T1DM aged 15–25 years. In a cross-sectional analysis, the prevalence of DLD (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] ≥ 100 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] <40 mg/dL [males] or <50 mg/dL [females], total cholesterol [TC] ≥200 mg/dL or triglycerides [TG] ≥150 mg/dL) was reported. Socioeconomic and clinical characteristics were compared between YA with and without DLD. We also assessed statin use among YA with DLD. Results DLD was found in 64% of YA, predominantly increased LDL-C (34.9%). Higher mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was associated with DLD (p < 0.043). Of all YA who met the criteria for statin therapy, only 42% had one prescribed. Conclusions The prevalence of DLD is high in YA with T1DM and is associated with poor glycemic control, and use of statin therapy in this high-risk population is low.

Advanced lipoprotein profile disturbances in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a focus on LDL particles

“…HbA1c showed a strong and direct association with LDL-related variables in our T1DM sample ( Fig. 1 and Additional file 6: Table S5), in accordance with previous studies [33,35,[41][42][43]. Specifically, two recent studies performed in children and young adults with T1DM also showed a direct association between glycaemic control and overall dyslipidaemia [42], and LDL-cholesterol (this effect was further modified by proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 levels) [43].…”

“…1 and Additional file 6 : Table S5), in accordance with previous studies [ 33 , 35 , 41 – 43 ]. Specifically, two recent studies performed in children and young adults with T1DM also showed a direct association between glycaemic control and overall dyslipidaemia [ 42 ], and LDL-cholesterol (this effect was further modified by proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 levels) [ 43 ]. As is well known, LDL-cholesterol has been pointed out as a causal factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic CVD in the general population [ 44 ].…”

Lipid/Lipoprotein Abnormalities Among Adult Type 1 Diabetics in Nigeria

“…[20] In contrast, most other studies, mainly within the western populations had reported more frequencies of isolated high LDL-C abnormalities among TIDM cohorts. [15,17] The prominence of high Tg abnormalities, in the current study, may be adduced to the carbohydrate-enriched dietary patterns prevalent within the studied region, as suggested by Jaja et al [20] Some other authors had postulated the insulin deficiency state as a major factor and inferred that the high Tg status is a nidus for other lipid/lipoprotein abnormalities in T1DM. [21] Female predominance was observed among the overall dyslipidemics in the current study and among those with isolated abnormal high plasma Tg concentrations, which is in line with previous data.…”

“…[13,14] In contrast, three other studies with higher rates, were recently reported from Brazil, China and also in another study from the United States. [15][16][17] Homma et al reported 66.1% from Brazil among adults ≥ 19 years of age, Lou et al reported 65.3% from China, and Abeg et al reported 64% from the United States. [15][16][17] The disparity in frequency might partly be explained by the observed different cutoff points of lipid indices used in these various studies.…”

“…[15][16][17] Homma et al reported 66.1% from Brazil among adults ≥ 19 years of age, Lou et al reported 65.3% from China, and Abeg et al reported 64% from the United States. [15][16][17] The disparity in frequency might partly be explained by the observed different cutoff points of lipid indices used in these various studies. [18] Furthermore, our estimate of 46.8% remains comparable to the rate recently reported among the general adult population within the studied region.…”