Prevalence of dry mouth in COVID-19 patients with and without Sicca syndrome in a large hospital center

Katz, Joseph

doi:10.1007/s11845-020-02480-4

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Typical antifungal protocols had been followed where systemic fluconazole was prescribed for 39 cases and oral nystatin for 36 cases.Dry mouth (xerostomia) is a risk factor for various oral infections, and in this report, two of our patients suffered from difficulty of swallowing (dysphagia), thus indicating xerostomia which had been frequently reported as an oral manifestion of COVID-19 12. It had also been suggested that xerostomia could be one of the early symptoms of COVID-19 or due to medical comorbidities and drug reactions 13. Moreover, older patients may have difficulty in maintaining good oral health in the form of physical disabilities or psychological illnesses.…”

supporting

confidence: 51%

Oral candidiasis of COVID‐19 patients: Case report and review of evidence

Riad

Gomaa

Hocková

et al. 2021

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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The immune dysregulation triggered by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been hypothesized as a causal pathway for the increasingly reported oral manifestations associated with coronavirus diseases (COVID-19), especially the ones of fungal origin. [1][2][3] As a result of this, we aim to report according to the CARE guidelines, three COVID-19 cases who sought teleconsultations from our private practice (Cairo, Egypt) from July to September 2020. In addition, we have performed a literature search in Ovid MEDLINE®, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Epistemonikos from inception until November 30, 2020, with a combination of keywords (COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2) and oral candidiasis.

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supporting

confidence: 51%

Oral candidiasis of COVID‐19 patients: Case report and review of evidence

Riad

Gomaa

Hocková

et al. 2021

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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“…The proportion of each RAD in COVID-19 infected patients also varied. COVID-19 symptoms have been reported to be closely associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), vasculitis, spondyloarthrosis (SpA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and sicca syndrome (12,13,20,21). Although, it has been suggested that the incidence of COVID-19 is higher in connective tissue diseases (CTDs) patients than those with inflammatory arthritis (IA) (1), we found that in most studies (4,18,(22)(23)(24)(25), RA accounts for a significantly higher proportion, with a range from 3.9 to 40.65% (Table 2).…”

Section: Table 1 |mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Clinical Management of Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

2021

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been in pandemic for more than 1 year, with serious negative effects produced worldwide. During this period, there have been a lot of studies on rheumatic autoimmune diseases (RADs) combined with COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to review and summarize these experiences. Pubmed, Web of science, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched from January 15, 2020 to July 15, 2021 using RADs and COVID-19 related keywords. Based on a comprehensive review of studies covering 16 countries, the prevalence of COVID-19 does not necessarily increase in RADs patients compared to the general population. In RADs population infected with COVID-19, a high proportion of female patients (54.44~95.2%), elderly patients (≥50y, 48~75.88%), and patients with pre-existing comorbidities (respiratory, 4.8~60.4%; endocrine, 8.52~44.72%; cardiovascular, 15.7~64.73%) were observed, although, this does not appear to have a decisive effect on disease severity. Many anti-rheumatic treatments have been extensively evaluated for their efficacy of treating COVID-19 in RADs patients, with TNF-α inhibitors and IL-6 receptor antagonist receiving more positive reviews. However, there is no conclusive information for most of the therapeutic regimens due to the lack of high-level evidence. Inflammatory markers or neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio may be applied as indicators for clinical prognosis or therapeutic regimens adjustment. Thus, more research is still needed to address the prevalence, treatment, and clinical monitoring of RADs patients in COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…15 days after a negative RT-PCR test, dry mouth decreased significantly in 15 patients in a separate cohort (p<0.001) and persisting only in 1 patient (48). It should be noted however that invasive clinical practices, particularly in intensive care units such as intubation, assisted external ventilation and tracheostomy, may also contribute to complaints of dry mouth and exacerbation of existing oral injuries (44,56,57).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Covid-19-induced Xerostomiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dry mouth is a multifactorial phenomenon associated with autoimmune, endocrine, neurological and iatrogenic aetiologies (44). It has been suggested that the xerostomia experienced by COVID-19 infected patients could be due to the neuroinvasive and neurotropic properties of SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of Covid-19-induced Xerostomiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of COVID-19 infection in primary Sjögren's syndrome and the emerging evidence of COVID-19-induced xerostomia

Chowdhury

Grigoriadou

Bombardieri

2021

Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology

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Since the beginning of the COVID-19 disease pandemic caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the disease has claimed over 205M cases (205,338,159) and 4,333,094 deaths (WHO dashboard -accessed 15/08/2021). In addition to the overwhelming impact on healthcare systems treating acutely ill patients, the pandemic has had an impact on all other aspects of health care delivery, including the management of chronic diseases, the risk that is posed in patients with chronic conditions and the risk of the infection itself in those with chronic conditions. Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs), including primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), characterised by immune dysregulation affecting several organs in variable severity, have been of particular interest given the accelerated phase of the immune response in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to the acute inflammatory response and respiratory distress syndrome or multi-organ failure. On the other hand, the effect of immunosuppressive drug therapies can represent a double edge sword on the course of the disease, either by increased susceptibility to and severity of the infection, or by preventing the accelerated inflammatory response induced by the infection. Additionally, the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the host immune system has led to the onset of novel complex clinical manifestations, comprised under the large umbrella of "long-COVID", which we are only starting to understand. In this review we focus on two interrelated aspects: i) the impact of COVID-19 on patients with pSS and ii) the emerging evidence of long-term xerostomia after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Prevalence of dry mouth in COVID-19 patients with and without Sicca syndrome in a large hospital center

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Oral candidiasis of COVID‐19 patients: Case report and review of evidence

Oral candidiasis of COVID‐19 patients: Case report and review of evidence

Epidemiology and Clinical Management of Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

Severity of COVID-19 infection in primary Sjögren's syndrome and the emerging evidence of COVID-19-induced xerostomia

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