Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Factors in Southern Ethiopia: A Community Based Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Like in all populations of the world, recently, diabetes became serious health problem in Ethiopian population, as indicated by few community- and institution-based studies. As high as 6.5% diabetes prevalence was reported in Addis Ababa while 5.1% in urban setting and 2.1% in rural setting of Northwest Ethiopia have been reported. This study aimed to provide additional data on the magnitude of diabetes and associated risk factors. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes in Bona District and identify contributing risk factors.METHODS AND MATERIALS: A cross-sectional community based survey for diabetes and associated factors was done from February-June, 2016 on a total of 2670 participants in the age range of 15-110 years. Participants were recruited to the study by using a two-stage simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using structured questionnaire from consented participants. Data were entered, checked for quality and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Since the outcome variable was ordered categorical, we used ordinal regression model to identify associated factors. There was no multicollinearity among the independent variables included in the model. All the independent variables with p<0.25 during bivariate analysis wereincluded in the multivariate model. The level of significance wasset at P value < 0.05.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of diabetes (1.9%) from our survey was so high in rural setting that prevention and control mechanisms should be designed. The risk factors include advanced age (β=1.04(0.57-1.50)), systolic hypertension (β=0.59(0.01-1.18)), high waist circumference (β=0.86(0.34-1.39)) and postsecondary education (β=0.87(0.03-1.71)).KEYWORD: Diabetes, prevalence, risk factors

Incidence and Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury Among Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Chronic Follow-Up Clinic of University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study

“…4 Studies conducted in Ethiopia showed that the magnitude of type 2 DM in Ethiopia was found to be 5.3%and complications associated with increasing type 2 DM burden are the major causes of morbidity and premature mortality with the consequence of negative economic impact resulted in a public health challenge. 5 Acute kidney injury (AKI), or acute renal failure previously, is characterized by rapid failure of kidney function and is a broad clinical syndrome encompassing various etiologies, including pre-renal azotemia, acute tubular necrosis, acute interstitial nephritis, and acute glomerular renal diseases. 6 AKI is diagnosed by a fast increment in serum Creatinine (Cr), also reflected as a quick diminishing in glomerular filtration rate, within a short time.…”

“…Peoples living with DM are at more risk for AKI than those without diabetes, mainly type 2 DM is one of the major risk factors for the occurrence of AKI. 5 Peoples living with type 2 diabetes are eight times more likely to develop acute kidney injury as compared to patients without diabetes. 7 Acute kidney injury is a serious disease globally affecting greater than 13 million individuals annually, 85% are living in developing countries.…”

“…11 Many studies suggested that the predictors of AKI among type 2 DM patients are old age, congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension (HTN), smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetic nephropathy (DN), infections, aminoglycosides, diabetic ketoacidosis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), long duration of DM, diuretics and betablockers and delay of follow-up. 5 Acute kidney injury is common and its burden has risen over the last two decades among type 2 DM patients. 10 Acute kidney injury among type 2 DM patients is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality, increased hospitalization days and the risk of hospital-acquired infections, a greater requirement for hospitalization and post-hospital care, and costs need for health-care service.…”

“…10 Acute kidney injury among type 2 DM patients is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality, increased hospitalization days and the risk of hospital-acquired infections, a greater requirement for hospitalization and post-hospital care, and costs need for health-care service. 5 The high burden of AKI in type 2 diabetic patients is a significant reason for prolonged hospitalization, kidney failure with a great requirement for dialysis, inability to recover to initial renal function, development, and progression of chronic kidney disease, and finally death. 10,12 Increased burden of AKI in type 2 DM patients facilitates harmful consequences leading to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).…”

Cardiac Troponin-I Status of Type-2 Diabetic Patients on Anti-Diabetic Drugs Treatment at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia

“…Meanwhile, this number is estimated to rise to 1.8 million by the year 2030. 14,15 The World Health Organization's report revealed that a trend in the prevalence of diabetes in Ethiopia has been increasing over the past years. According to the 2017 International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus in Ethiopian adults was 5.2%.…”