Prevalence of Diabetes‐Associated Autoantibodies in Schoolchildren: The Karlsburg Type 1 Diabetes Risk Study

Schlosser, Michael; Strebelow, M.; Rjasanowski, I; Kerner, W.; Waßmuth, Ralf; Ziegler, M.

doi:10.1196/annals.1337.017

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Subjects and samples Samples were obtained from the Karlsburg Type 1 Diabetes Risk Study of a Normal Schoolchild Population [8,9]. A total of 11 840 children aged 6-17 years were screened for IAA using the polyethylene glycol IAA method, as well as for GAD, IA-2 and islet cell antibodies.…”

Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In insulin-autoantibody-positive children from the general population, antibody affinity identifies those at high and low risk

et al. 2005

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Aims/hypothesis: Insulin autoantibodies (IAA) precede and predict the onset of type 1 diabetes, but not all children with IAA develop the disease. In affected families, IAA affinity can identify IAA-positive children who are more likely to progress to diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether affinity is a useful marker to stratify type 1 diabetes risk in IAA-positive children from the general population. Methods: IAA affinity was determined by competitive binding to 125 Iinsulin with increasing concentrations of cold insulin and with cold proinsulin in sera from 46 IAA-positive children identified in the Karlsburg Type 1 Diabetes Risk Study of a Normal Schoolchild Population in north-eastern Germany. Results: IAA affinity ranged between 5×10 6 and 1.2×10 11 l/mol. IAA affinity was higher in 24 children who developed multiple islet autoantibodies or diabetes (median 3.5×10 9 l/mol; interquartile range [IQR] 2.1×10 9 to 2.1×10 10 l/mol) than in 22 children who did not develop multiple islet autoantibodies or diabetes (median 1.3×10 8 l/mol; IQR 3.8×10 7 to 7.2×10 8 l/mol; p<0.0001). Using a threshold of ≥10 9 l/mol, 22 of the 24 children who developed multiple islet autoantibodies or diabetes were correctly identified by high-affinity IAA and 18 of 22 who did not develop multiple islet autoantibodies or diabetes were correctly identified by low-affinity IAA. IAA affinity was significantly higher in samples with proinsulin reactive IAA (p<0.0001). Conclusions/interpretation: IAA affinity measurement provides robust identification of IAA associated with high diabetes risk.

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Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In insulin-autoantibody-positive children from the general population, antibody affinity identifies those at high and low risk

et al. 2005

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“…A cut-off level at or above the 98th percentile was used for all autoantibodies [21]. In the 4th Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program 2005 workshop, the GADA and IA-2A assays achieved a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 96% (GADA) and 66% and 100% (IA-2A), respectively [23], and the IAA assay achieved 58% sensitivity and 97% specificity [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Study cohort and samples Samples were obtained from the Karlsburg Type 1 Diabetes Risk Study, in which a total of 11,840 children of a general school population in the northeastern part of Germany were screened for GADA, IAA, IA-2A and islet cell antibodies [21]. Autoantibody-positive children were invited for re-examination to confirm the autoantibody measurements and for HLA genotyping [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GAD autoantibody affinity in schoolchildren from the general population

Bender

Schlosser²,

Christen

et al. 2014

Diabetologia

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Aims/hypothesis Subtyping GAD autoantibody (GADA) responses using affinity measurement allows the identification of GADA-positive children with a family history of type 1 diabetes who are at risk of developing diabetes. Here, we asked whether GADA affinity is a useful marker to stratify the risk of type 1 diabetes in GADA-positive schoolchildren from the general population. Methods GADA affinity was measured by competitive binding experiments with [ 125

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“…The first is in prediabetic individuals in which b cell autoimmunity is ongoing, as defined by detection of serum autoantibodies and metabolic markers [40][41][42][43][44][45]. The goal here is to suppress the diabetogenic response and prevent the development of diabetes.…”

Section: Immunotherapy Of T1dmentioning

confidence: 98%

Parameters influencing antigen-specific immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes

Wang

Tisch

2008

Immunol Res

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which the insulin producing beta cells are destroyed. Antigen-based immunotherapy provides an approach to selectively tolerize pathogenic beta cell-specific T cells, while leaving the remainder of the immune system intact. In this chapter, we discuss our group's experience in defining the parameters that impact the efficacy of beta cell antigen "vaccination" for the prevention and treatment of T1D.

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Prevalence of Diabetes‐Associated Autoantibodies in Schoolchildren: The Karlsburg Type 1 Diabetes Risk Study

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

In insulin-autoantibody-positive children from the general population, antibody affinity identifies those at high and low risk

In insulin-autoantibody-positive children from the general population, antibody affinity identifies those at high and low risk

GAD autoantibody affinity in schoolchildren from the general population

Parameters influencing antigen-specific immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes

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