Prevalence of comorbid depression in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Wen, Lijun; Yang, Yuan; An, Feng Rong; Zhang, Ling; Ungvári, Gábor S.; Jackson, Todd; Yuan, Zhen; Xiang, Yu Tao

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.056

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) is regarded as the best evaluation tool for depression in Chinese patients with schizophrenia which has the advantage of avoiding disturbance of negative symptoms and drug-induced extrapyramidal side effects. Our recent study used this tool and found that the rate of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia patients was 43.68%, which was similar in most previous studies used the same tool ( 15 – 17 ).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Gender Differences of Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Depressive Symptoms in Clinical Characteristics

Liu

Fang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To investigate the differences in psychotic symptoms and cognitive function in schizophrenics with and without depression and to compare gender differences in the correlation between depressive symptoms and clinical characteristics in those patients.Methods: A total of 190 schizophrenia patients and 200 healthy controls were recruited in the study. We used the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) to evaluate the psychiatric symptoms, depressive symptoms and cognitive function, respectively. Patients with CDSS score ≥7 were divided into depression group, and CDSS < 7 was viewed as without depression.Results: Patients with schizophrenia had lower total scores of RBANS and five subscale (immediate memory, visual span, verbal function, attention, and delayed memory) scores compared to healthy controls. In the case group, patients who concomitant with depression had higher PANSS scores (Ps < 0.001) and lower RBANS (Ps < 0.05) scores than those without depression. After gender stratification, PANSS total scores and subscale scores were significantly different between schizophrenics with and without depressive symptoms in both male and female groups (Ps < 0.001). For cognitive function, there were significant differences in RBANS total score and subscale scores except attention between female patients with and without schizophrenia but not in male schizophrenia patients. Furthermore, the correlation analysis showed that the total CDSS score was positively correlated with PANSS score (P < 0.001) and RBANS score in male and female groups (male: P = 0.010, female: P = 0.001).Conclusion: Our findings provided evidence supporting the gender differences in psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function between schizophrenia patients with and without depressive symptoms.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Gender Differences of Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Depressive Symptoms in Clinical Characteristics

Liu

Fang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, comorbid diagnoses were beyond the scope of the current review. Many individuals with depression also have comorbid disorders, such as anxiety (Rapaport, 2001), chronic pain (Arnow et al, 2006) and schizophrenia (Li et al, 2020), complicating their presentation. The relationship between EMS and depression was examined in various clinical populations, such as bipolar affective disorder (Ak et al, 2012) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (Kwak & Lee, 2015) in several studies included in this review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early maladaptive schemas and depression in adulthood: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Bishop

Younan²,

Low

et al. 2021

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Improved understanding of the specific cognitive risk factors associated with depression is needed to inform prevention and treatment approaches. Recent research has examined the relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and depression, but the findings were yet to be integrated using meta‐analytic methods. The aim of this review was to synthesize the evidence on the relationship between depression and EMS. Method A systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement, by searching the PsycINFO, PubMed and CINAHL databases. Included studies were peer‐reviewed journal articles that examined the relationship between one or more EMS and depression in adulthood in participants aged 18 years or older. Results A total of 51 studies were included (k = 743; pooled N = 17,830). All 18 EMSs were positively correlated with depression, with effect sizes ranging from small (r = .23 [.17, .29]; Entitlement) to large (r = .53 [.46, .60]; Social Isolation; r = .50, 95% CI [.45, .54]; Defectiveness/Shame). Conclusion The evidence suggests that individuals who feel like they do not belong, or that they are flawed, bad or unlovable, report higher levels of depression. However, most studies used cross‐sectional designs, and further longitudinal research is needed to establish the direction of the relationship between EMS and depression. These findings can guide preventative and treatment approaches. Focusing treatment on the Social Isolation and Defectiveness/Shame EMS may aid in relieving depressive symptoms.

show abstract

Section: Correlation-schizophrenia and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to many scientific reports, depression is a common symptom due to every phase of schizophrenia [183,184]. That negative symptom has become one of the reasons for suicide among people suffering from schizophrenia [184][185][186]. Some researchers have estimated that depressive symptoms are one of the most important risk factors for suicide in the early phase of schizophrenia [187].…”

Section: Correlation-schizophrenia and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPA Axis in the Pathomechanism of Depression and Schizophrenia: New Therapeutic Strategies Based on Its Participation

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is involved in the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. Increased HPA axis activity can be observed during chronic stress, which plays a key role in the pathophysiology of depression. Overactivity of the HPA axis occurs in major depressive disorder (MDD), leading to cognitive dysfunction and reduced mood. There is also a correlation between the HPA axis activation and gut microbiota, which has a significant impact on the development of MDD. It is believed that the gut microbiota can influence the HPA axis function through the activity of cytokines, prostaglandins, or bacterial antigens of various microbial species. The activity of the HPA axis in schizophrenia varies and depends mainly on the severity of the disease. This review summarizes the involvement of the HPA axis in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders, focusing on major depression and schizophrenia, and highlights a possible correlation between these conditions. Although many effective antidepressants are available, a large proportion of patients do not respond to initial treatment. This review also discusses new therapeutic strategies that affect the HPA axis, such as glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonists, vasopressin V1B receptor antagonists and non-psychoactive CB1 receptor agonists in depression and/or schizophrenia.

show abstract

Prevalence of comorbid depression in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Cited by 45 publications

References 66 publications

Gender Differences of Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Depressive Symptoms in Clinical Characteristics

Gender Differences of Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Depressive Symptoms in Clinical Characteristics

Early maladaptive schemas and depression in adulthood: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

HPA Axis in the Pathomechanism of Depression and Schizophrenia: New Therapeutic Strategies Based on Its Participation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About