Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Depression among a Population Aged over 60 Years in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara, Mexico

Abstract

Background. Cognitive impairment is an important clinical issue among elderly patients with depression and has a more complex etiology because of the variable rate of neurodegenerative changes associated with depression. The aim of the present work was to examine the prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression in a representative sample of adults aged ≥60 years. Methods. The presented work was a cross-sectional study on the prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression. Door-to-door interview technique was assigned in condition with multistage probability random sampling to obtain subjects that represent a population of the Guadalajara metropolitan area (GMA), Mexico. Cognitive function and depression were assessed by applying standardized Mini-Mental State Examination of Folstein (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), respectively. Results. Prevalence of cognitive impairment was 13.8% (14.5% women, 12.6% men); no significant differences by gender and retired or pensioner were found. Prevalence of depression was 29.1% (33.6% women, 21.1% men); no significant differences by retired or pensioner were found. Cognitive impairment was associated with depression (OR = 3.26, CI 95%, 2.31–4.60). Prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression is associated with: being woman, only in depression being older than 75 years being married, and a low level of education. Conclusion. Cognitive impairment and depression are highly correlated in adults aged ≥60.

Prevalence of Dementia, Emotional State and Physical Performance among Older Adults in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

“…These data coincide with the studies in Jalisco and México where the prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression was reported previously [29, 30], suggesting that prevalence of both conditions has not changed in the last few years.…”

Mental Health Problems and Sociodemographic Correlates in Elderly Medical Inpatients in a University Hospital in Egypt

“…As regards cognitive impairment associations in this study, significant association was noticed only with age, a result that is similar to that obtained by Ortiz et al [16]. Also, Chen et al [24] found that cognitive changes in hospitalized elderly were predicted by age.…”

“…The prevalence of depressive symptoms among 200 elderly medical inpatients was 72% according to GDS. Prevalence rates of depression showed wide variability in studies that assessed it among elderly [16]. These differences may be due to the differences between communities.…”

“…Sidik et al [1] found significant association between CI and living alone, while Ortiz et al [16] reported the reverse. Also, while we found insignificant association with educational level, both Sidik et al [1] and Ortiz et al [16] found significant association between CI and illiteracy.…”

Riesgo para el desarrollo de Trastorno Depresivo Mayor al existir alteraciones en la sintomatología menopaúsica en mujeres de Guadalajara, Jalisco.

“…Sin embargo, recientes investigaciones describen la importancia de la sintomatología menopaúsica sobre los demás factores (16,19), teorizándose que la presencia de alteraciones en los principales dominios sintomáticos puede producir un efecto en cascada que aumente el riesgo para la aparición del TDM (20). Considerando no sólo la importancia de estos factores en la salud mental de las mujeres, sino además las proyecciones epidemiológicas que predicen que la tasa de mujeres durante la menopausia aumentará en los siguientes años hasta representar más del 30% de las mujeres mexicanas (21,22), crea la necesidad de estudiar esta problemática antes de convertirse en un grave problema de salud pública. Por lo tanto, se pretende determinar el riesgo de presentar TDM al haber alteraciones en la sintomatología menopaúsica u otras características sociodemográficas y clínicas de las mujeres.…”