Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Kinshasa: results of a pilot study from the Democratic Republic of Congo

Sumaili, Ernest Kiswaya; Krzesinski, Jean-Marie; Zinga, Chantal; Cohen, Eric P.; Delanaye, Pierre; Munyanga, Sylvain M.; Nseka, Nazaire Mangani

doi:10.1093/ndt/gfn469

Cited by 106 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Sumaili et al reported a prevalence of proteinuria of 12.4% in a randomly selected population in the Democratic Republic of Congo. 8 In a "high-risk" population in the same country with diabetes, hypertension, HIV infection, or obesity, the prevalence of CKD was 36%. 18 In Nigeria Afolabi and colleagues reported that 10.4% of patients in a family medical practice had an eGFR <60 mL/min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies from Africa show a prevalence of CKD of 10.4% 7 and proteinuria of 12.4%. 8 Hypertension is recognized as an important cause of CKD. In one study from Ghana, of 365 outpatients with hypertension, 110 (30.2%) had serum creatinine >140 μmol/L (1.6 mg/dL), 48 had serum creatinine >400 μmol/L (>4.5 mg/dL), and 96 (25.5%) had proteinuria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Hypertensive Patients in Ghana

et al. 2011

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in tropical Africa although there are few data on the prevalence of this disorder. Therefore we initiated a multicenter screening study to identify the prevalence and staging of CKD in 712 patients with known hypertension in four polyclinics in Accra, Ghana. We measured estimated glomerular filtration rate by the six-variable modification of diet in renal disease equation and proteinuria by the protein/creatinine ratio. All the subjects studied were Ghanaian. Of the 712 patients studied, the median age was 59 years (range 19-90 years) and 560 (78.7%) of the patients were female. The mean duration of hypertension was 4 years (range 0.1-50). The overall prevalence of CKD was 46.9% (95% CI: 43.2-50.7%); 19.1% had CKD stages 1-2 and 27.8% had CKD stages 3-5. There was no difference in age between patients with or without CKD (p = 0.12). The overall prevalence of proteinuria was 28.9% (95% CI: 25.6-32.4%); 14.7% of subjects had preexisting diabetes mellitus and their prevalence of CKD (55%; 95% CI: 42.4-62.2) did not differ from those without diabetes (46%; 95% CI: 41.9-50.0, p = 0.133). CKD is common in hypertensive patients in Ghana, with a prevalence of 46.9%. This provides justification for the inclusion of this group in CKD screening programs in Ghana.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Hypertensive Patients in Ghana

et al. 2011

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“…Eventually, we need additional trials to better estimate GFR in African subjects. This is a necessary step to better assess the real prevalence of CKD in these populations in which prevention is preponderant in health politics because of low economic resources (11,44).…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the Creatinine-Based Equations Accurate to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in African American Populations?

Delanaye

Mariat²,

Maillard³

et al. 2011

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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SummaryRegarding the high prevalence of African American patients with ESRD, it is important to estimate the prevalence of early stages of chronic kidney disease in this specific population. Because serum creatinine concentration is dependent on muscular mass, an ethnic factor has to be applied to creatinine-based equations. Such ethnic factors have been proposed in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation and in the more recent Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations. This review analyzes how these correction factors have been developed and how they have, or have not, been validated in external populations. It will be demonstrated that the African American factor in the MDRD study equation is accurate in African American chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, it will be shown that this factor is probably too high for subjects with a GFR of >60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 , leading to an underestimation of the prevalence of CKD in the global African American population. It will also be confirmed that this ethnic factor is not accurate in African (non-American) subjects. Lastly, the lack of true external validation of the new CKD-EPI equations will be discussed. Additional trials seem necessary in American African and African populations to better estimate GFR and apprehend the true prevalence of CKD in this population with a high renal risk.

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“…Ovaj brzi porast bio je, prije svega, posljedica izrazitog porasta broja bolesnika kod kojih je hronična bolest bubrega bila posljedica dijabetesa i hipertenzije, kao i porasta broja starih koji su zahtijevali liječenje dijalizama [9,10]. Zbog toga je preporučeno da se više pažnje posveti prevenciji i ranom otkrivanju hronične bolesti bubrega i širom svijeta su preduzete brojne studije skrininga [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

BIOMEDICINSKA ISTRAŽIVANJA 2011; 2(1):27-32 UDK: 616.61-008.64-036.21 Originalni rad Da li su opravdani sistematski pregledi stanovnika u žarištima endemske nefropatije?

Ристић¹,

Марић

Лукић³

et al. 2011

Biomedicinska istraž.

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Kratak sadržajUvod. U endemskim selima Donje i Gornje Crnjelovo urađeni su sistematski pregledi odraslih stanovnika u proljeće 2009. i 2010. godine. Analiza rezultata prikazana u ovom radu urađena je sa ciljem da se utvrdi učestalost faktora rizika za nastanak bolesti bubrega i učestalost osoba sa markerima bolesti bubrega u zavisnosti od prisutnih faktora rizika.Metod. Skriningom je obuhvaćeno 1216 osoba, 554 muškog pola, starosti 51,9 ± 17,1 godina. Ispitivanje se sastojalo od ankete, mjerenja krvnog pritiska i pregleda urina test trakom kojom se određuje prisustvo proteina, krvi, leukocita i glukoze.Rezultati. Kod 53% ispitanih osoba otkriven je bar jedan od četiri faktora rizika za hroničnu bolest bubrega: 36% ispitanika je bilo starije od 60 godina, 34% je imalo hipertenziju, 17% pozitivnu porodičnu anamnezu o endemskoj nefropatiji (EN), a 10% dijabetes. Proteinurija je otkrivena kod 68 (5,6%) ispitanika, hematurija kod 111 (9,1%), leukociturija kod 220 (18,1%), a glikozurija kod 38 (3,1%). Učestalost proteinurije i/ili hematurije, kao dva glavna markera bolesti bubrega, varirala je u zavisnosti od prisutnih faktora rizika. Kod osoba sa pozitivnom porodičnom anamnezom za EN bila je 10,2%, kod bolesnika sa hipertenzijom 15,6%, sa dijabetesom 12%, a kod onih koji su bili preko 60 godina 29,4%. Mnogi od ispitanika su imali više od jednog faktora rizika, što je uzrokovalo i učestaliju pojavu patološkog nalaza u urinu.Zaključak. Zbog visoke prevalence faktora rizika za hroničnu bolest bubrega u žarištima EN, neophodno je da se redovno sprovode studije skrininga. Tokom ispitivanja otkrivenih bolesnika, posebnu pažnju bi trebalo posvetiti diferencijalnoj dijagnozi između endemske, hipertenzivne i dijabetesne nefropatije. Traganje za pouzdanim biomarkerima za diferencijalnu dijagnozu ovih hroničnih bolesti bubrega je jedan od važnih zadataka daljih istraživanja.Ključne riječi: hronična bolest bubrega, faktori rizika, žarišta endemske nefropatije

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Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Kinshasa: results of a pilot study from the Democratic Republic of Congo

Cited by 106 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Hypertensive Patients in Ghana

Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Hypertensive Patients in Ghana

Are the Creatinine-Based Equations Accurate to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in African American Populations?

BIOMEDICINSKA ISTRAŽIVANJA 2011; 2(1):27-32 UDK: 616.61-008.64-036.21 Originalni rad Da li su opravdani sistematski pregledi stanovnika u žarištima endemske nefropatije?

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