Prevalence of Borrelia (Spirochaetaceae) Spirochetes in Texas Ticks

Rawlings, Julie A.; Teltow, Glenna J.

doi:10.1093/jmedent/31.2.297

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Borreliae have been detected in host-attached A. americanum (from raccoons) and D. variabilis (from rodents and raccoons) in coastal Virginia (Levine et al 1991a), and from host-attached and questing A. americanum in Alabama (Luckhart et al 1991, Burkot et al 2001. Borrelia spirochetes have also been found in host-seeking A. americanum in Michigan (Walker et al 1994), New Jersey (Schulze et al 1984), Florida (K.L.C., unpublished data), Georgia (J.H.O., unpublished data), and Texas (Rawlings and Teltow 1994). Dermacentor variabilis and A. americanum appear to be incompetent laboratory vectors of B. burgdorferi (Piesman and Sinsky 1988, Mather and Mather 1990, Mukolwe et al 1992.…”

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confidence: 94%

Prevalence ofBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato Infection Among Rodents and Host-Seeking Ticks in South Carolina

et al. 2002

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Tissues of rodents and host-seeking adult ticks collected in the Piedmont, Sandhills, Coastal Plain, and Coastal Zone of South Carolina were cultured in attempts to isolate Borrelia burgdorferi (Johnson, Schmid, Hyde, Steigerwalt & Brenner), the etiologic agent of Lyme disease. An exploratory, tree-based statistical analysis was used to identify ecological variables that were associated with spirochete infection among rodents and ticks. Spirochetes were isolated from tissues of 71 rodents: 22 (69%) of 32 eastern woodrats, 39 (53%) of 74 cotton mice, and 11(25%) of 44 hispid cotton rats. Rodent infection prevalences were significantly higher in the Coastal Zone than in other regions. Spirochetes were also cultured from 31 (2.6%) of 1,193 questing ticks. Prevalence of spirochetes in Ixodes affinis Neumann (19/74, 26%) was significantly higher than in I. scapularis Say (12/864, 1.3%) and other species (0/255) of ticks tested. In addition, two (9%) of 23 adult I. minor Neumann removed from woodrats contained spirochetes. Isolates from rodents and ticks were analyzed immunologically by indirect immunofluorescence and Western blots, and further characterized by polymerase chain reaction assays and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. All were determined to be B. burgdorferi sensu lato. Results of this study confirmed that B. burgdorferi is endemic in South Carolina, and that enzootic transmission cycles exist at foci in the Coastal Zone. These findings add additional evidence that I. affinis and I. minor are potentially significant maintenance vectors of the spirochete.

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confidence: 94%

Prevalence ofBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato Infection Among Rodents and Host-Seeking Ticks in South Carolina

et al. 2002

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“…have been described in A. americanum from Alabama, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Texas (4,11,18,21,24,25,31). Molecular evidence of B. lonestari has been reported in A. americanum from Alabama, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Texas, as well as in a patient who apparently acquired infection in either North Carolina or Maryland (4,6,14).…”

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confidence: 98%

Detection of Borrelia lonestari , Putative Agent of Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness, in White-Tailed Deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) from the Southeastern United States

Moore¹,

Varela²,

Yabsley

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

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“…The disease is endemic throughout much of the Northeast, mid-Atlantic states, Midwest, and West Coast; however, in much of the South, where Ixodes sp. ticks are seldom found on humans (17,18), epidemiologic evidence and case reporting suggest that classic Lyme disease is relatively rare, despite the presence of B. burgdorferi in wild rodent populations and ticks (16,36,37,38,40).…”

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confidence: 99%

First Culture Isolation of Borrelia lonestari , Putative Agent of Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness

Varela¹,

Luttrell

Howerth³

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

107

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Southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI) is a Lyme disease-like infection described in patients in the southeastern and south-central United States, where classic Lyme disease is relatively rare. STARI develops following the bite of a lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) and is thought to be caused by infection with an "uncultivable" spirochete tentatively named Borrelia lonestari. In this study, wild lone star ticks collected from an area where B. lonestari is endemic were cocultured in an established embryonic tick cell line (ISE6). The cultures were examined by dark-field microscopy for evidence of infection, and spirochete identity and morphology were evaluated by flagellin B and 16S rRNA gene sequence, by reaction to Borrelia-wide and B. burgdorferi-specific monoclonal antibodies, and by electron microscopy. Live spirochetes were first visualized in primary culture of A. americanum ticks by dark-field microscopy 14 days after the cell culture was inoculated. The sequences of the flagellin B and 16S rRNA genes of cultured spirochetes were consistent with previously reported sequences of B. lonestari. The cultured spirochetes reacted with a Borrelia-wide flagellin antibody, but did not react with an OspA antibody specific to B. burgdorferi, by indirect fluorescent antibody testing. Electron microscopy demonstrated organisms that were free and associated with ISE6 cells, with characteristic Borrelia sp. morphology. This study describes the first successful isolation of B. lonestari in culture, providing a much needed source of organisms for the development of diagnostic assays and forming a basis for future studies investigating the role of the organism as a human disease agent.

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Prevalence of Borrelia (Spirochaetaceae) Spirochetes in Texas Ticks

Cited by 30 publications

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Prevalence ofBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato Infection Among Rodents and Host-Seeking Ticks in South Carolina

Prevalence ofBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato Infection Among Rodents and Host-Seeking Ticks in South Carolina

Detection of Borrelia lonestari , Putative Agent of Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness, in White-Tailed Deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) from the Southeastern United States

First Culture Isolation of Borrelia lonestari , Putative Agent of Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness

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