Prevalence of antibodies to human caliciviruses (HuCVs) in Kuwait established by ELISA using baculovirus-expressed capsid antigens representing two genogroups of HuCVs

Dimitrov, D; Dashti, Suhaila; Ball, Joseph A.; Bishbishi, Eiman A.; Alsaeid, Khalid; Jiang, Xi; Estes, Mary K.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199702)51:2<115::aid-jmv5>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 33 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This is even more challenging when there are many circulating strains with largely unknown cross-reactivity, multiple infections over a lifetime are likely, and the study subjects are adults. In this situation, setting a low cut-point results in all, or nearly all, samples classified as seropositive, as reported in other norovirus seroprevalence studies [36,37,39,40,[42][43][44][45][46]. To better understand more recent infections and reduce the impact of cross-reactivity, higher cut-points based norovirus human challenge data, were used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norovirus Seroprevalence among Adults in the United States: Analysis of NHANES Serum Specimens from 1999–2000 and 2003–2004

Kirby

Kienast

Zhu

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Norovirus is the most common cause of epidemic and endemic acute gastroenteritis. However, national estimates of the infection burden are challenging. This study used a nationally representative serum bank to estimate the seroprevalence to five norovirus genotypes including three GII variants: GI.1 Norwalk, GI.4, GII.3, GII.4 US95/96, GII.4 Farmington Hills, GII.4 New Orleans, and GIV.1 in the USA population (aged 16 to 49 years). Changes in seroprevalence to the three norovirus GII.4 variants between 1999 and 2000, as well as 2003 and 2004, were measured to examine the role of population immunity in the emergence of pandemic GII.4 noroviruses. The overall population-adjusted seroprevalence to any norovirus was 90.0% (1999 to 2000) and 95.9% (2003 to 2004). Seroprevalence was highest to GI.1 Norwalk, GII.3, and the three GII.4 noroviruses. Seroprevalence to GII.4 Farmington Hills increased significantly between the 1999 and 2000, as well as the 2003 and 2004, study cycles, consistent with the emergence of this pandemic strain. Seroprevalence to GII.4 New Orleans also increased over time, but to a lesser degree. Antibodies against the GIV.1 norovirus were consistently detected (population-adjusted seroprevalence 19.1% to 25.9%), with rates increasing with age. This study confirms the high burden of norovirus infection in US adults, with most adults having multiple norovirus infections over their lifetime.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norovirus Seroprevalence among Adults in the United States: Analysis of NHANES Serum Specimens from 1999–2000 and 2003–2004

Kirby

Kienast

Zhu

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…As an alternative approach to pathogen detection in stool samples, serology is commonly used to estimate the prevalence in a population. Serological studies representing different populations globally have identified a prevalence of antibodies to noroviruses ranging between 80% to 100% in adults (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Most serology studies used virus-like particles (VLPs) of GI.1, GII.3, and GII.4 (8,16,24,25), and only a few have investigated antibody responses to other norovirus genotypes (14,26,27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of humoral immune responses to norovirus in children across Europe

Villabruna¹,

Izquierdo-Lara²,

Schapendonk³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Human noroviruses are a major cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. The majority of outbreaks and sporadic cases are caused by norovirus genotype GII.4 but 48 capsid genotypes and 60 polymerase genotypes (P-types) have been described, some of which are frequently reported while others are rarely detected. Little is known about the circulation and reservoirs of the less common genotypes. In this study, we have investigated whether children could pose a possible reservoir for undetected circulation of norovirus diversity. We, therefore, tested IgG and IgA responses of sera obtained from 287 children aged <1 month to 5.5 years on a protein microarray against P particles representing 30 norovirus GI and GII genotypes. We further profiled immune responses against the P-type by assessing antigenicity and seroprevalence of the non-structural proteins. The overall seroprevalence was 95.3% in children up to six months old (maternal antibodies), followed by a decrease to 59.6% up to 12 months, and an increase to 84.7% by the age of 5.5 years. We detected antibody responses against all tested genotypes, with the most specific IgG and IgA responses directed against the GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, and GII.6 capsid genotypes, which are the most frequently reported noroviruses in outbreaks. We also detected antibodies against the non-structural proteins p48 and p22 in sera of older children, predominantly against GII genotypes. While we found no evidence to suggest that rarely detected genotypes widely circulate in children, this is the first study to investigate seroprevalence against such a wide variety of human norovirus capsid and polymerase genotypes.

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The seroepidemiology of genogroup 1 and genogroup 2 Norwalk-like viruses in Italy

Pelosi

Lambden

Caul³

et al. 1999

J. Med. Virol.

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Southampton virus (SV) and Lordsdale viruses (LV) are small round structured viruses characterised recently and belong to two separate genogroups. The capsid genes of these viruses were expressed in insect cells using recombinant baculoviruses. Both SV (genogroup 1) and LV (genogroup 2) capsid proteins self-assembled to form virus-like particles (VLPs). The VLPs were used in a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to screen for antibodies to SV and LV in 1,729 age-stratified human sera collected in Verona, Italy between January and November 1996. SV VLPs were labile compared with LV VLPs. There was a large difference in the prevalence of SV (28.7%) compared with LV (91.2%). However, presentation of SV VLPs using chicken egg yolk antibody-coated wells (IgY capture ELISA) with a subset of serum samples from patients (0-19 years) increased the number of positive sera significantly (50.5%), indicating that SV antigen integrity is an important factor in the assay. Recent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) studies have shown that LV is circulating currently and analysis of IgY capture ELISA data showed greater reactivity for LV than SV, reflecting a genuinely lower rate of recent infection by this genogroup 1 virus.

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Prevalence of antibodies to human caliciviruses (HuCVs) in Kuwait established by ELISA using baculovirus-expressed capsid antigens representing two genogroups of HuCVs

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

Norovirus Seroprevalence among Adults in the United States: Analysis of NHANES Serum Specimens from 1999–2000 and 2003–2004

Norovirus Seroprevalence among Adults in the United States: Analysis of NHANES Serum Specimens from 1999–2000 and 2003–2004

Profiling of humoral immune responses to norovirus in children across Europe

The seroepidemiology of genogroup 1 and genogroup 2 Norwalk-like viruses in Italy

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