Prevalence of Antibodies Against Virus-Like Particles of Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis-Associated HPV8 in Patients at Risk of Skin Cancer

Separately, actinic keratosis (AK) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have been associated with cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. To further explore the association between HPV infection and SCC development, we determined markers of cutaneous HPV infection within a single population in persons with precursor lesions (AK), cancerous lesions (SCC), and without. Serum and plucked eyebrow hairs were collected from 57 tumor-free controls, 126 AK, and 64 SCC cases. Presence of HPV L1 and E6 seroreactivity and viral DNA were determined for HPV types 5,8,15,16,20,24, and 38. Significant positive associations with increasing severity of the lesions (controls, AK, and SCC, respectively) were observed for overall HPV L1 seropositivity (13%, 26%, and 37%) and for HPV8 (4%, 17%, and 30%). In parallel, the proportion of L1 seropositive individuals against multiple HPV types increased from 14% to 39% and 45%. The overall E6 seroreactivity, however, tended to decline with AK and SCC, especially for HPV8 (21%, 11%, and 2%). HPV DNA positivity was most prevalent in the AK cases (54%) compared with the SCC cases (44%) and the tumor-free controls (40%). Among all participants, there was a positive trend between overall HPV DNA positivity and L1 seropositivity, but not E6 seropositivity. Taken together, our data suggest that cutaneous HPV infections accompanied by detectable HPV DNA in eyebrow hairs and HPV L1 seropositivity, but not E6 seropositivity, are associated with an increased risk of AK and SCC. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(3):529 -35)

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Markers of Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Infection in Individuals with Tumor-Free Skin, Actinic Keratoses, and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Struijk¹,

Hall

Meijden³

et al. 2006

“…85 (13) 134 (12) 56 (12) 59 (12) HPV49 170 (26) 269 (24) 130 (27) 138 (29) HPV75 113 (17) 174 (15) 79 (16) 84 (18) HPV76 103 (16) 149 (13) 75 (16) 72 (15) HPV80 110 (17) 208 (18) 74 (15) 89 (19) HPV92 84 (13) 142 (13) 60 (13) 66 (14) HPV93 21 (3) 29 (3) 15 (3) 12 ( (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Understanding the relationship between HPV and skin cancer is hampered by lack of knowledge about the appropriate measure of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BetaPV L1 antibodies have been associated with both SCC and AK in casecontrol studies (6,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), although the findings are somewhat inconsistent (reviewed in ref. 14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Betapapillomavirus Seropositivity: a Cohort Study

Plasmeijer

Pandeya

O’Rourke

et al. 2011

Background: It is currently unclear whether betapapillomaviruses (betaPV) play a role in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We investigated the association between betaPV antibodies and subsequent SCC in a population-based cohort study.Methods: Serum samples were collected in 1992 and/or 1996 from 1,311 participants of the communitybased Nambour Skin Cancer Study. These were tested for the presence of L1 antibodies against 21 different betaPV types. Histologically diagnosed SCCs were ascertained through three full-body skin examinations and linkage with the local pathology laboratories. We used age-and sex-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to analyze the relationship between betaPV antibodies and SCC occurrence from 1992 until 2007.Results: SCC was newly diagnosed in 150 people. No associations were found between the presence of any betaPV L1 antibodies and the occurrence of SCC (HR ¼ 1.0), and stratification by sex, skin color, and sunburn propensity did not affect these results. However, among people who were less than 50 years old in 1992, the presence of betaPV antibodies was associated with a two-fold increased risk of SCC. There was no significant association between antibodies to any individual betaPV type examined and the later development of SCC.Conclusions: Whether betaPV infection of the skin, and indirectly betaPV antibodies, are involved in the oncogenic process in the general population remains unclear, and this longitudinal study provides only limited support.Impact: This study emphasizes the need for additional longitudinal studies of HPV (human papilloma virus) and SCC, to avoid the possibility of reverse causality in case-control studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(6); 1171-7. Ó2011 AACR.

“…Increased seroprevalences of HPV 8 have been reported among immunocompetent patients with SCC compared with patients with basaliomas or healthy controls (22)(23)(24). Antibodies to any of HPV 5,8,15,20,24, or 38 were more common among patients with a history of SCC (19.9%) than among controls (12.5%; P < 0.05; ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Seroreactivity to Cutaneous Human Papillomaviruses among Patients with Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer or Benign Skin Lesions

Andersson

Waterboer²,

Kirnbauer

et al. 2008

113

Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPV) are common in nonmelanoma skin cancers, benign skin lesions, and healthy skin. Increased seroprevalences for cutaneous HPV among nonmelanoma skin cancer patients have been described. To determine whether antibodies to cutaneous HPV are related to presence of the virus and/or to skin disease, we collected serum and biopsies from both lesions and healthy skin from 434 nonimmunosuppressed patients (72 squamous cell carcinomas, 160 basal cell carcinomas, 81 actinic keratoses, and 121 benign lesions). Biopsies were analyzed for HPV DNA by PCR, cloning, and sequencing. Serum antibodies to the major capsid protein L1 of HPV 1,5,6,8,9,10,15,16,20,24,32,36,38, and 57 as well as to the oncoproteins E6 and E7 of HPV 8 and 38 were detected using a multiplexed fluorescent beadbased assay. Type-specific seroprevalence among patients with the same type of HPV DNA (sensitivity of serology) varied from 0% to at most 28%. Presence of HPV DNA and antibodies to the same HPV type was not significantly correlated. However, seropositivity to any HPV type was significantly more common among patients positive for HPV DNA of any HPV type (odds ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.55-2.34). Seroprevalences were similar among the different patient groups but was, for most HPV types, somewhat higher among squamous cell carcinoma patients than among basal cell carcinoma patients (P < 0.01). In conclusion, additional studies are required to clarify the biological meaning of seropositivity as a marker of cutaneous HPV infection and skin disease. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(1):189 -95)