Prevalence of Anemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

AlDallal, Salma M; Jena, Nirupama

doi:10.14740/jh411w

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Similar to our study, AlDallal et al [37] found that females with T2DM are at higher risk of anemia than males. This is consistent with findings of Alsayegh et al which reported a prevalence of 35.8% in females versus 21.3% in males [49].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Clinical Predictors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Emirati Population with T2DM

Nada¹,

Younan²

2021

OJBD

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Aim: To establish the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and its clinical predictors in Emirati patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients & Methods: 237 patients were included in the study. A full blood count was obtained in addition to routine blood and urine tests for all patients. Hemoglobin level and iron studies were done for diagnosis of anemia. Statistical analysis was done to find out the prevalence and independent predictors of anemia in the study population of Emirati type 2 diabetic patients. Results: Of the studied 237 patients; 36.3% had iron deficiency anemia as per the WHO criteria. Independent predictors of iron deficiency anemia were age ≥ 60 years, female gender and wide pulse pressure ≥ 60 mmHg. Hemoglobin level was directly proportionate to e GFR (p < 0.001). Participants with age ≥ 60 years had 4.2 times higher odds to exhibit anemia. Female participants had 1.95 times higher odds to exhibit anemia. Participants with wide pulse pressure ≥ 60 mmHg have 2.4 higher odds to exhibit anemia. Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia is common in type 2 diabetic patients. Testing the patient for iron deficiency anemia should be considered in type 2 diabetes patients especially with age ≥ 60 years, female patients and those with wide pulse pressure ≥ 60 mmHg.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Al Dallal [37] and others reported older age and less glycemic control in anemic patients in comparison with non-anemic patients [47] [56]. In our study, there was a trend towards higher HbA1c in anemic participants but it did not reach a statistical significance (p = 0.072).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Clinical Predictors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Emirati Population with T2DM

Nada¹,

Younan²

2021

OJBD

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“…A growing body of evidence linking dysregulated iron metabolism and T2D has been described over the years [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Whereby, both conditions of iron deficiency anaemia [ 8 , 9 ] and in some instances iron overload [ 6 , 10 , 11 ] have been widely reported in patients with T2D. The reported different relationships between poor glucose control and iron metabolism sparked interest in investigating iron metabolism in T2D, particularity on the modulators of iron intake, release, and transportation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body weight and its influence on hepcidin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies

Ndevahoma

Mukesi

Dludla

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Introduction: Iron profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are inconsistent. In this study, we assessed the levels of hepcidin, a regulatory protein involved in iron homoeostasis, in patients with T2D. We further evaluated the surrogate markers of hepcidin action, particularly those associated with erythropoiesis. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was reported following the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. We searched for relevant studies in electronic databases from inception until 31 October 2020 without any language restriction. The random effects model was used to calculate effect estimates, and outcomes were reported as either standardised mean difference (SMD) or mean differences (MD), 95 percent confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Eleven studies involving 2 620 participants were included in this study. Patients with T2D had a slight increase in hepcidin levels when compared to controls SMD: 0.07 [95% CI:-0.30, 0.44]. The subgroup analysis showed that studies involving patients with T2D who were overweight reported elevated hepcidin levels SMD: 0.35 [95% CI: 0.07, 0.62] whilst those with grade I obesity described reduced levels SMD:-0.42 [95% CI:-1.21, 0.38]. All T2D patients had low levels of haemoglobin MD:-0.23 g/dl [95% CI:-0.46,-0.01] irrespective of body weight. Conclusion: The levels of hepcidin are altered in patients with T2D and are disproportionately influenced by weight. Moreover, patients with T2D present with subclinical anaemia despite elevated iron stores. The regulation of hepcidin in patients with T2D is dependent on several factors and vary greatly, thus its sole use in clinical settings may be less beneficial.

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“…34 Growing evidence indicates that anemia in T2DM patients is a strong and independent indicator of increased risk for diabetes-related macrovascular and microvascular complications. 10,[35][36][37][38] It causes early occurrence and rapid progression of complications like diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, end-stage renal diseases, ischemic heart disease, and nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers. 35 As in Ethiopia with an increasing incidence of DM, 39 it becomes mandatory to be aware of such co-morbidities at the earliest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Anemia and Its Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, North-East Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Taderegew¹,

Gebremariam²,

Tareke³

et al. 2020

JBM

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Purpose: Anemia is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), which has an adverse effect on the progression and development of other diabetes-related complications. In spite of this, relatively little information is available on the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Thus, this study assessed the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among T2DM patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital (DBRH), NorthEast , Ethiopia. Patients and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to May 30, 2019, among 249 T2DM patients with follow up at DBRH, selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory tests; such as hemoglobin measurements, red blood indices, and serum creatinine analysis. The data were coded and entered into Epi-data manager version 4.4.1.0, and analysis by using SPSS version 22 was carried out. To identify the determinant factors of anemia, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The study showed 20.1% of the participants were anemic. Being age >60 years (AOR=3.06, 95% CI: 1.32-7.11), poor glycemic control (AOR=2.95, 95% CI: 1.22-7.15), eGFR 60-89.9 mL/min/1.73m 2 (AOR=2.91, 95% CI: 1.15-7.37), eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m 2 (AOR=6.58, 95% CI: 2.42-17.93), DM duration >10 years (AOR= AOR=2.75, 95% CI: 1.17-6.48), and having diabetic complications (AOR=3.81, 95% CI: 1.65-8.81) were significantly associated with anemia. Conclusion: One out of five T2DM patients had anemia. Poor glycemic control, decreased eGFR, presence of DM complications, duration of DM >10 years, and age >60 years were significantly associated with the occurrence of anemia among T2DM. Regular screening for anemia in all T2DM patients may help in the early detection and management of anemia.

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Prevalence of Anemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Clinical Predictors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Emirati Population with T2DM

Clinical Predictors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Emirati Population with T2DM

Body weight and its influence on hepcidin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies

<p>Anemia and Its Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, North-East Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

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