Prevalence of anemia in pregnant mothers and their outcome: a study in a semi urban area

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONOne of the most common disorders associated with nutritional deficiencies is anaemia. It has been estimated by WHO that about one third of the population throughout the world are affected by this disorder. 1Around 14% of the pregnant women in the developed countries and 55% in the developing countries are affected, with 65-75% seen among the pregnant women in the Indian subcontinent.2 This results in severe morbidity and mortality among the women and low birth weight and death among the new born. Many of the women are anaemic before the conception, leading to a prevalence of anaemia among the no pregnant women also which is estimated to be around 50%. 3The prevalence in India is very high and contributes to about 80% of maternal deaths due to anemia in south Asia. This could also be due to size of the population. 4 Anaemia begins in childhood, worsens during adolescence in girls and gets aggravated during pregnancy. Surveys conducted in India have shown that70% of the preschool children were anemic and so were over 70% of the pregnant women and adolescent girls in the country. 5-7The etiology of anemia during pregnancy among women in developing countries is multifactorial and varies by geographic region. Hence this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of anemia among the pregnant women in our geographical area along with the outcome. ABSTRACTBackground: One of the most common disorders associated with nutritional deficiencies is anaemia. The etiology of anemia during pregnancy among women in developing countries is multifactorial and varies by geographic region. Hence this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of anemia among the pregnant women in our geographical area along with the outcome. Methods: The patients age, weight, BMI, parity, etc were noted and blood was collected for blood investigations which included random sugar levels, complete blood picture apart feom haemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin was calculated by Sahli's method and classified according to the WHO classification for pregnant women. Results: The predominant age group of the 486 patients was 20-24 years, followed by 25-29 years. 291 out of the 486 patients (59.9%) were anemic and 40.1% of the patients were non anemic. 19.8% of the patients had mild anemia, 33.3% of the patients had moderate anemia, and 6.8% of the patients had severe anemia. Conclusions: Information and interaction, and good nutritional diet and medication is important to reduce the incidences of anemia and thereby the morbidity and mortality associated with it.

Maternal and severe anaemia in delivering women is associated with risk of preterm and low birth weight: A cross sectional study from Jharkhand, India

“…In the present investigation, we observed stunningly high, that is, over 78% anaemia in pregnant and delivering women. Our observation of very high prevalence of anaemia in reproducing women population from Jharkhand is closely in accordance with the findings for the state of Tripura and Assam and other north-eastern states in India [41] and a comparatively higher prevalence of anaemia as compared with other states [11,[42], [43], [44], [45], [46]]. Our finding of high prevalence of anaemia among reproducing women is also in line with observations from developing and African countries [[47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52]].…”

“…Further, upon stratification of anaemia; highest, 48.4% followed by 41.5% and 38.1% of preterm birth was observed in severe, mild and moderate anaemia, respectively; whereas, highest 54.5% followed by 34.7% and 21.6% of low birth weight were observed in sever, moderate and mild anaemia, respectively. It is quite interesting to note that highest prevalence of both preterm and low birth weight was observed in severe anaemia in the investigated region and population; overall and stratified prevalence is once again alarmingly high as compared to other states across the India as well higher than the national average [[44], [45], [46],72] anaemia and subsequent impact on birth outcome may be attributed to the low socio-economic factor in general, and particularly the literacy and education contributes significantly to the burden, as also observed in our present investigation (Table 1). We observed that anaemic women are less educated and/or having any level of formal education than non-anaemic women in this study, and maternal educational level was adjusted for regression analysis.…”

Prevalence, Severity and Morphological Analysis of Anemia among Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Care Medical College and Hospital, Pondicherry

“…The prevalence of anemia in our study was 60% concordant with study by Srilatha et al 8 (59.9%) and Rajamouli et al 13 (58.36%), slightly lower compared to study by Cheema et al 9 (65.6%) and Singh et al 10 (65.5%) and prevalence was higher compared to the study conducted by Vanamala et al (48.3%) 11 . In India, National Family Health Survey -2 in 1998 to 99 shows that 54% of women in rural and 46% women in urban are anaemic 12 In the present study, Out of 60% of anemic women, women with mild anemia was 25%, moderate anemia was 30% and severe anemia was 6% concordant with study by Srilatha et al 8 . In a study by Cheema et al 9 , mild anemia was observed in 60% of the cases, moderate in 30.4% and severe anemia in 9.6%.…”

The study of efficacy of injection iron sucrose in treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy

“…Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia in pregnancy amounting to almost 50% of pregnant ladies in India leading to various complications in pregnancy and postpartum period including preterm labor, antenatal and puerperal infections, postpartum haemorrhage, and sub involution of uterus, puerperal sepsis and rare but possible fetal growth restriction. 1,2 All pregnant women, irrespective of haemoglobin status, should receive prophylactic doses of iron from second trimester. Those who develop anaemia should be promptly treated with oral or parenteral iron.…”

“…Iron sucrose has an advantage of being cost effective and readily available. 1,2 This study was conducted to study the efficacy of injection Iron Sucrose for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy who were given iron sucrose for non-compliance or intolerance to oral iron.…”