Prevalence of African trypanosomosis in cattle and sheep in Bassa local government area of Plateau State, Nigeria

Abstract

A cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis in Bassa Local Government Area of Plateau State was carried out on 462 animals (361 cattle and 101 sheep) purposively selected. Blood samples were examined for trypanosomes and the packed cell volume was determined. Biconical traps were set to catch biting flies which were later dissected. The body condition scores of the selected animals were also noted. Out of the 462 blood samples examined, 22 (4.8%) tested positive for trypanosomes. Sheep had higher trypanosome prevalence of 6.9% than cattle 4.2%. The most prevalent species encountered was Trypanosoma vivax (86.4%) followed by T. brucei (13.6%). Trypanosoma vivax was also more predominant in cattle 13 (86.7%) than sheep 6 (85.7%). White Fulani and Red Bororo cattle had 4.2% and 0.0% prevalence, respectively while Yankasa sheep, the only sheep breed sampled, had 6.9%. Male cattle and sheep were more infected with the prevalence rates of 5.0% and 7.4%, respectively than their female counterpart (3.6% for cattle and 6.8% for Sheep). Young cattle (< 3yrs) and sheep (≤ 2yrs) had higher trypanosome infection rates of 5.4% and 9.4% than the adult cattle (≥ 3yrs) and sheep (>2yrs) having the prevalence rates of 3.1% and 4.2% respectively. Poor body conditioned animals had higher trypanosome prevalence (7.3%) than the good body conditioned ones (3.8%). Age, sex, breed and body condition score of animals examined did not influence the infection rate of trypanosome species (p>0.05). The mean PCV ± standard deviation of infected animals (21.73 ± 4.81) was significantly lower than non-infected animals (26.89 ± 4.37) p < 0.05.The study revealed an overall relative low fly density of 0.39 flies/trap/day and flies dissected were negative for trypanosome infection. This present study revealed trypanosome and their vectors are present in the study area. Therefore, improved Veterinary extension services and education should be implemented.

Dry Season Prevalence of Bovine African Trypanosomosis in parts of Bokkos Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria

“…Age related prevalence as shown in table 3 revealed that young cattle below 3 years were more infected than cattle above 3 years old. This finding corroborates Idehen et al (15) assertion that younger animals are more prone to trypanosome infection than their adult counterparts. This observation that younger animals were more infected by trypanosome species than the adult ones is statistically significant (p< 0.05).…”

“…Secondly, the husbandry practices adopted by the herds owners in the treatment of their sick animals and This study has also shown that Trypanosoma vivax was the dominant species seen with aproportion of 81.1% prevalent rate. The finding is consistent with Fasanmi et al (17) assertion that T. vivax has the highest prevalent rate of 66.67% and Idehen et al (15) with T. vivax having 86.4% prevalent rate in their survey carried out.…”

“…In this study, the prevalence of 6.4% recorded in male cattle was higher than the prevalence of 4.2% recorded in the female counterpart even though the difference of prevalence of infection in both sexes is not significant (p > 0.05). This finding is in line with previous reports by Idehen et al (15), Sam-Wobo et al (21) that male animals are more infected with trypanosome species than their female counterparts but differs from the findings of Kalu et al (22) attributing more infection of trypanosome species to female animals than their male counterparts.…”

Global Distribution, Host Range and Prevalence of Trypanosoma Vivax: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The authors declare that they have no competing interests. [4,5,48,171,173-177,180,182,184,185,49,187-196,50,197-200,202,203,205-208,51,209-212,214-21 227,229,230,232,235,53,236,238-243,246-248,54,249-258,57,259,261-269,58,270,271,273,274,276-281,59,282,283,6,61,62,64-66,68-71,73,12,74-78,80-83,85,14,86-88,90-95,99,40,101-103,105,106,108,109,111,113,114,44,116,118,122,123,125-127,129-131,45,132,134-136,138 [6,7,128,137,140,143,144,150,158,168,179,193,55,197,201,204,211,213,218,221,225,234,237,57,239 [7,57,245,246,67,68,133,158,168,197,198,201 [6,7,128,134,137,140,143,144,…”

“…The authors declare that they have no competing interests. [6,7,128,137,140,143,144,150,158,168,179,193,55,197,201,204,211,213,218 [6,7,128,134,137,140,143,144,168,197,201,213,55,221,225,234,248,272,57,60,79,98,116,118,120] Small ruminants Kenya, Nigeria 988 69 [89,110,227] Water buffalo Brazil, Venezuela 2144 509 [116,118,119,…”