Prevalence, Influencing Factors, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin and Molecular Characteristics of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and MRSA Nasal Carriage among Diabetic Population in the United States, 2001–2004

ObjectiveWe aim to assess the similarities of proportional, phenotypic, and molecular characteristics between the school environment and schoolchildren on methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2016 and August 2016 in eight elementary schools in Guangzhou, China. Nasal swabs from students and environmental swabs from school environments were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses under a multistage stratified cluster cross-sectional survey design were performed to access the prevalence relationship and influencing factors, respectively. Phenotypic and molecular characterizations of MSSA isolates were conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and polymerase chain reaction assays, respectively.ResultsIn total, 1705 schoolchildren and 1240 environmental samples from 40 classes in eight elementary schools obtained between March and August 2016 were include in this study. The rates of MSSA prevalence among schoolchildren and the environment were 11.44% (195/1705) and 4.60% (57/1240), respectively. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) on the prevalence of MSSA isolates were 1.11 (95% CI, 1.05–1.29; P = 0.010) and 1.04 (95% CI, 1.01–1.07; P = 0.003) for the school or class environment and students, respectively. Similar phenotypic and molecular characteristics were identified between schoolchildren and the environment. A cause and effect relationship could not be established because the study design was cross-sectional.ConclusionsBecause of the cross-sectional design, we can reveal the association between school environment and schoolchildren on MSSA, but it is not a cause and effect relationship.

show abstract

“…Details on our laboratory methods can be found in our previous study [19]. Air samples were incubated for 48 hours at 37±1°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

School environmental contamination of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus as an independent risk factor for nasal colonization in schoolchildren: An observational, cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in healthy Chinese population: A system review and meta-analysis

Xiang

Liu

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo comprehensively determine the prevalence of MRSA in healthy Chinese population, the influencing factors of MRSA colonization and its antibiotic resistance.MethodsArticles that studied prevalence or influencing factors of MRSA carriage in healthy Chinese population were retrieved from PubMed, Ovid database, three Chinese electronic databases. The pooled prevalence of MRSA, its antibiotic resistance and influencing factors were analyzed by STATA12.0.Results37 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of MRSA was 21.2% (95% CI: 18.5%-23.9%), and the prevalence of S.aureus was 15% (95% CI: 10%-19%), with a significant heterogeneity (MRSA: I2 = 97.6%, P<0.001; S.aureus: I2 = 98.4%, P < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of MRSA was 28% (95%CI: 10%-51%) for Livestock-related workers, 18% (95%CI: 11%-26%) for children, 20% (95%CI: 12%-29%) for healthcare workers, 7% (95%CI: 3%-13%) for community residents. The prevalence of MRSA in studies with oxacillin disk diffusion method (28%, 95%CI: 21%-35%) seemed higher than that with the mecA gene method(12%, 95%CI: 7%-19%). MRSA in studies conducted in Taiwan was more common than in Mainland China and Hong Kong. Similar results were found in meta-regression. Influencing factors for MRSA colonization were noted in seven eligible studies, they included younger age (OR: 3.54, 95% CI: 2.38–5.26; OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.73–2.9), attending day care centers (DCCs) (OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.4–2.72; OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.2–1.95), flu vaccination (OR:1.73, 95% CI: 1.28–2.35), using antibiotics within the past year (OR: 2.05, 95% CI:1.35–3.11), residing in northern Taiwan (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.19–1.77), regular visits to health care facility (OR: 23.83, 95% CI: 2.72–209.01), household member working in health care facility (OR: 8.98, 95% CI:1.4–55.63), and contact with livestock (OR: 6.31, 95% CI: 3.44–11.57). Moreover, MRSA was found to be highly resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and clindamycin, with a pooled resistance ratio of 100, 93, 88, and 75%, respectively. However, no resistance were noted to vancomycin.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of MRSA was considerably high in health Chinese population. Additionally, these strains showed extreme resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. Public MRSA protection measures and the surveillance of MRSA should be strengthened to reduce the spread of MRSA among hospitals, communities, and livestock.

show abstract

Prevalence, Influencing Factors, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin and Molecular Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA Nasal Carriage among Diabetic Population in the United States, 2001–2004

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

School environmental contamination of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus as an independent risk factor for nasal colonization in schoolchildren: An observational, cross-sectional study

School environmental contamination of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus as an independent risk factor for nasal colonization in schoolchildren: An observational, cross-sectional study

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in healthy Chinese population: A system review and meta-analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About