Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Vietnam—results from a national survey

Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate mean blood pressure (BP), prevalence of hypertension (defined as BP X140/90 mm Hg) and its awareness, treatment and control in the Vietnamese adult population. This crosssectional survey took place in eight Vietnamese provinces and cities. Multi-stage stratified sampling was used to select 9832 participants from the general population aged 25 years and over. Trained observers obtained two or three BP measurements from each person, using an automatic sphygmomanometer. Information on socio-geographical factors and anti-hypertensive medications was obtained using a standard questionnaire. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 25.1%, 28.3% in men and 23.1% in women. Among hypertensives, 48.4% were aware of their elevated BP, 29.6% had treatment and 10.7% achieved targeted BP control (o140/90 mm Hg). Among hypertensive aware, 61.1% had treatment, and among hypertensive treated, 36.3% had well control. Hypertension increased with age in both men and women. The hypertension was significantly higher in urban than in rural areas (32.7 vs 17.3%, Po0.001). Hypertension is a major and increasing public health problem in Vietnam. Prevalence among adults is high, whereas the proportions of hypertensives aware, treated and controlled were unacceptably low. These results imply an urgent need to develop national strategies to improve prevention and control of hypertension in Vietnam.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Screening for and Managing Identified Hypertension for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Vietnam

“…Prevalence of current treatment, after diagnosis through symptoms, was recalculated from a national survey on a sex-specific basis [6]. Among hypertensive patients, we estimated the prevalence of patients going or not going into treatment in accordance with a previous study [6].…”

“…Prevalence of current treatment, after diagnosis through symptoms, was recalculated from a national survey on a sex-specific basis [6]. Among hypertensive patients, we estimated the prevalence of patients going or not going into treatment in accordance with a previous study [6]. The number of patients in the group going into treatment was aggregated with those currently under treatment, and the number of hypertensive patients detected by screening multiplied by the percentage on treatment among diagnosed patients.…”

“…A high prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension is an obstacle to treatment and prevention of complications. Globally, the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension is 53% [5]; Vietnam is similar at 52% [6].…”

Cultural and clinical factors associated with antihypertensive medication adherence in Vietnamese policemen

“…Based on these estimates, 23 million cardiovascular deaths associated with uncontrolled HTN are projected by 2030, with 85% occurring in developing countries (Mathers & Loncar, 2006). A recent national survey in Vietnam estimated that the prevalence of HTN was 25-30% for the general Vietnamese population (Do et al, 2015;Ha, Duy, Le, Khanal, & Moorin, 2014;Son et al, 2012), making HTN a major public health problem in that country. Given this, helping hypertensive patients in developing counCreative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which allows others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can't change them in any way or use them commercially.…”

Urbanization and noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors: WHO STEPwise Iranian NCD risk factors surveillance in 2011

“…Urbanization has an association with lifestyle and behavioural risk factors such as unhealthy diet and low physical activity (6)(7)(8). Evidence from South-East Asia has indicated that urbanization has a is associated with NCD risk factors such as low physical activity, unhealthy diet, overweight and high blood pressure (9,10). In the past few decades, traditional communities in low-and middle-income countries have experienced rapid, unplanned urbanization, which changed lifestyles and resulted in unhealthy diets, a sedentary lifestyle and smoking (11).…”