Prevalence and virulence properties of non-O1 non-O139 Vibrio cholerae strains from seafood and clinical samples collected in Italy

Ottaviani, Donatella; Leoni, Francesca; Rocchegiani, Elena; Santarelli, Sabrina; Masini, Laura; Trani, Vittoria Di; Canonico, Cristina; Pianetti, A.; Tega, Luciano; Carraturo, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.03.014

Cited by 90 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A previous study (14) reported bacteremias in the absence of the cholera toxin and suggested hemolytic activity as the putative virulence factor. Moreover, an association between the El Tor-like hemolysin of V. cholerae non-O1 non-O139 and the ability to induce bacteremia in animal models has recently been reported (10). In agreement with these findings, in this study, a direct correlation between the presence of the El Tor hlyA gene and the cytotoxic, adhesive, and invasive capabilities of V. cholerae O137 and the control strains was found (Table 1).…”

Section: Case Reportsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…PCR assays were used to detect the presence of toxin-coding genes (10). These included the cholera toxin (ctx), heat-stable toxin (stn/sto), hemolysin (classical hlyA and biotype El Tor hlyA), toxin-coregulated pilus (classical tcpA and biotype El Tor tcpA), and zonula occludens toxin (zot) genes.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study, however, documented the frequent presence of pathogenic V. cholerae non-O1 non-O139 strains in the Italian marine environment in the warmer months (10), and satellite observations identified that the mean daytime seawater temperature in the area where the patient was exposed ranged between 25.5°C and 26.0°C. These are conditions favoring the proliferation of this group of microorganisms, and clinicians should be alerted to the potential hazard of invasive infections caused by V. cholerae non-O1 non-O139 in Italy.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unusual Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Vibrio cholerae O137

et al. 2011

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We report a case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by Vibrio cholerae O137 in an immunocompromised 49-year-old man. The infection was acquired following a minor traumatic injury and exposure to seawater during the summer of 2009 in Italy. Although highly immunocompromised, the patient survived. The strain was cytotoxic, invasive, and adhesive and contained a fragment of the El Tor-like hemolysin (El Tor hlyA) gene.

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Section: Case Reportsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unusual Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Vibrio cholerae O137

et al. 2011

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“…Toxigenic non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains appear to be frequently isolated from both clinical and environmental samples worldwide and are reported to be highly diverse (39,40). Variability among the isolates of this study was observed, with 55 profiles comprising up to 12 virulence factors (Table 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae Carrying Multiple Virulence Factors and V. cholerae O1 in the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland

Ceccarelli

Chen

Hasan

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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f Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae inhabits estuarine and coastal waters globally, but its clinical significance has not been sufficiently investigated, despite the fact that it has been associated with septicemia and gastroenteritis. The emergence of virulent non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae is consistent with the recognition of new pathogenic variants worldwide. Oyster, sediment, and water samples were collected during a vibrio surveillance program carried out from 2009 to 2012 in the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland. V. cholerae O1 was detected by a direct fluorescent-antibody (DFA) assay but was not successfully cultured, whereas 395 isolates of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae were confirmed by multiplex PCR and serology. Only a few of the non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae isolates were resistant to ampicillin and/or penicillin. Most of the isolates were sensitive to all antibiotics tested, and 77 to 90% carried the El Tor variant hemolysin gene hlyA ET , the actin cross-linking repeats in toxin gene rtxA, the hemagglutinin protease gene hap, and the type 6 secretion system. About 19 to 21% of the isolates carried the neuraminidase-encoding gene nanH and/or the heat-stable toxin (NAG-ST), and only 5% contained a type 3 secretion system. None of the non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae isolates contained Vibrio pathogenicity island-associated genes. However, ctxA, ace, or zot was present in nine isolates. Fifty-five different genotypes showed up to 12 virulence factors, independent of the source of isolation, and represent the first report of both antibiotic susceptibility and virulence associated with non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae from the Chesapeake Bay. Since these results confirm the presence of potentially pathogenic non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, monitoring for total V. cholerae, regardless of serotype, should be done within the context of public health. Vibrio cholerae, a waterborne bacterial pathogen, is an autochthonous inhabitant of riverine and estuarine aquatic environments. There are Ͼ200 serogroups, based on O antigenic characters, but only serogroups O1 and O139 have been associated with epidemic cholera, and both are considered a major public health threat for developing countries (1).Developed countries today rarely witness cholera cases caused by epidemic strains of V. cholerae, and outbreaks are typically travel associated (2). However, infections other than cholera can be caused by nonepidemic V. cholerae serogroups that are collectively referred to as non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae and are generally acquired through the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood. Non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae infections are continuously reported worldwide (3, 4), emphasizing their clinical significance. Although non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains generally do not produce cholera toxin, other virulence factors contribute to their pathogenicity, including the hemolysin gene hlyA (5), the protease gene hapA (6), the cytotoxic actin cross-linking repeats in toxin gene rtxA (7), the sialidase gene nanH (8), the heat-stable toxin (NAG-ST) (9), a type 6...

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“…Despite the epidemiological relevance and the prevalence of V. cholerae in aquatic environment, the presence of this human pathogen is not routinely determined in food sources in many developing countries, despite the facts that the transmission pathway of this pathogen has been traced from fish and shellfish products in the developed countries (Ottaviani et al, 2009;Canigral et al, 2010;Scharer et al, 2011). The data obtained in this study indicated that potentially pathogenic Vibrios are present in catfish, a cheaper source of proteins for the lower income group of consumers, though to date, there is a dearth of data concerning the exposure to V. cholerae associated with the consumption of catfish in Malaysia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Vibrio cholerae isolated from catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus)

Norshafawati¹,

Noorlis²,

Kuan³

et al. 2017

Food Res.

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To date, cholera has cycle the world seven times through the seven pandemic cycles that has affected tens of millions of people. The objective of this study was to determine the presence and density as well as the antibiotic resistance profile of Vibrio cholerae isolated from catfish (Pangasius hypohthalamus). From the combination of the Most Probable Number-Polymerase Chain Reaction-plating on TCBS agar methods, V. cholerae was detected in 32 samples and V. cholerae O139 was detected in 7 samples, with a density ranging between <3.0 to 75.0 MPN/g and <3.0 to 9.3 MPN/g respectively. The results obtained in this study indicate that V. cholerae will continue to be a major healthcare burden, as the pathogen can be transferred from the aquatic environment to the catfish and the consumption of catfish by humans will present a route of exposure to V. cholerae. Proliferation of antibiotic and multiantibiotic resistant bacteria is a public health threat worldwide. Results of antimicrobial susceptibility investigation of V. cholerae isolates collected from catfish reported in this study will establish an important baseline data. All the V. cholerae isolates were multiantibiotic resistant towards the ten antibiotics tested, including 6 isolates that were resistant to all ten antibiotics and 38 antibiotic resistance patterns. The MAR index values of 0.2 to 1.0 indicate that the isolates were exposed to high risk sources in the environment. Taken together, the information on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of V. cholerae indicate that catfish consumption presents a potential risk to human health and highlight the need for ongoing epidemiological and antimicrobial resistance surveillance.

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Prevalence and virulence properties of non-O1 non-O139 Vibrio cholerae strains from seafood and clinical samples collected in Italy

Cited by 90 publications

References 41 publications

Unusual Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Vibrio cholerae O137

Unusual Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Vibrio cholerae O137

Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae Carrying Multiple Virulence Factors and V. cholerae O1 in the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland

Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Vibrio cholerae isolated from catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus)

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