Prevalence and susceptibility to antibiotics from Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from chicken meat in southern Benin, West Africa

Abstract

Objective Poultry is commonly considered to be the primary vehicle for Campylobacter infection in humans. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of Campylobacteriosis in chicken meat consumers in southern Benin by assessing the prevalence and resistance profile of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken thigh in Southern Benin. Results The contamination rate of Campylobacter in the samples was 32.8%. From this percentage, 59.5% were local chicken thighs and 40.5% of imported chicken thighs (p = 0.045). After molecular identification, on the 256 samples analyzed, the prevalence of C. jejuni was 23.4% and 7.8% for C. coli, with a concordance of 0.693 (Kappa coefficient of concordance) with the results from phenotypic identification. Seventy-two-point seven percent of Campylobacter strains were resistant to Ciprofloxacin, 71.4% were resistant to Ampicillin and Tetracycline. 55.8% of the strains were multi-drug resistant.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Macrolide Resistance Mechanisms of Campylobacter coli Isolated from Pigs and Chickens

“…In this study, the azithromycin and erythromycin resistance rates in pig and chicken isolates were higher than those reported in Europe [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]. In contrast, our findings in chicken isolates were lower than those described in Africa [ 5 , 9 ], China [ 35 , 36 ], and some European countries [ 15 , 37 ]. The use of macrolides for the prevention and control of various diseases in food animals, particularly pigs, in Korea could be associated with the emergence of erythromycin and azithromycin-resistant C .…”

“…coli isolated from pigs and chickens exhibited very high resistance rates to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. However, our findings were much higher than previous reports in Africa [ 5 , 38 ], Europe [ 32 , 34 ], and North America [ 39 , 40 ]. The frequent use of fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines in food animals can select resistant strains that could be readily transferred to humans through the food chain [ 41 ].…”

“…In European countries, human cases of campylobacteriosis have exceeded those caused by classic enteric bacteria such as Salmonella or Escherichia coli , with about 214,000 confirmed cases reported in 2016 [ 3 ]. Additionally, data from low and middle-income countries indicated that the rate of Campylobacter infection has increased over the past decade [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Morphological, Biochemical and Genotypic Analysis of Zoonotic Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Chicken Meat Samples

“…A total of 17% and 11.87% of broiler chicken and layer chicken samples respectively were positive for C. jejuni as the most commonly isolated species (Frosth et al, 2020). The risk of Campylobacteriosis in chicken meat consumers in southern Benin was studies and reported prevalence of C. jejuni (23.4%) from chicken meat by molecular methods (Kouglenou et al 2020), while higher incidence (83.33%) was reported in our study.…”

Resistance to Antibiotics in Thermophilic Campylobacters

“…Alarming percentages of multidrug resistance of Campylobacter strains were observed in many countries (86)(87)(88)(89) Resistance to several groups of antibiotics in C. jejuni may be the result of the existence of self-transferable plasmids or the action of an efflux mechanism (90)(91)(92). The energy-dependent, broad-specific efflux system is thought to be responsible for the development of multiple resistance (resistance to β-lactams, erythromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and quinolones) in the laboratory mutant of C. jejuni (21,93).…”