Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in China: a multi-hospital-based cross-sectional study

Abstract

PurposeTo determine the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in a multi-hospital-based DR screening programme among patients with diabetes in China, the Lifeline Express Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program.MethodsPatients with diabetes in eight hospitals across mainland China (both southern and northern) from January 2014 to July 2016 were recruited in this programme. All participants underwent a standardised interview and examinations and received digital fundus photography. DR severity was graded from retinal fundus photographs by retina specialists in the reading centre of Joint Shantou International Eye Center, according to the grading standards of the English National Screening Programme. STDR was defined as the presence of preproliferative DR (R2), proliferative DR (R3) and/or maculopathy (M1).Results16 305 patients with diabetes were screened for DR in total. Fundus photographs were gradable for 15 078 patients (92.5%). The age–gender-standardised prevalence of any DR and STDR was 27.9% (95% CI, 27.2% to 28.6%) and 12.6% (95% CI, 12.1% to 13.1%), respectively. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, younger age (OR, 0.967), longer duration of diabetes (OR, 1.093), higher haemoglobin A1c (OR, 1.115), higher fasting plasma glucose (OR, 1.074), higher systolic blood pressure (OR, 1.014), faster heart rate (OR, 1.010), higher low-density lipoprotein (OR, 1.149), lower triglycerides (OR, 0.975), higher blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (OR, 1.012) and elevated serum creatinine level (OR, 1.003) were associated with the presence of DR. Similar risk factors, except for BUN and triglycerides, were found for STDR.ConclusionsThe prevalence of DR and STDR in diabetes was 27.9% and 12.6%, respectively in this multi-hospital-based population across China. Compared with Western population with diabetes, similar risk factors for DR and STDR were found in Chinese patients with diabetes.

Longitudinal neovascular changes on optical coherence tomography angiography in proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with panretinal photocoagulation alone versus with intravitreal conbercept plus panretinal photocoagulation: a pilot study

“…Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in the working population around the world. In China, DR is responsible for vision loss in 12.6% of diabetic patients and tends to occur in patients much younger than those in Western countries [1,2]. As a severe stage of DR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) poses the greatest threat to visual function due to neovascular formation and development [3].…”

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy among in-patients Diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study Conducted in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar

“…There were 657,200 cases of diabetes mellitus reported in 2017 in Nepal [2]. Several epidemiological studies have reported a high prevalence of DR ranging from 11.9% to 43.1% [3]. There are multiple risk factors for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.…”

“…Cr.) were studied in various literatures [3,8,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16]. There is 29 times higher risk to develop blindness due to diabetic retinopathy than non-diabetic of similar age and gender [4].…”

The Impact of Expanding the Screening Interval for Diabetic Retinopathy in Primary Care Centers

“…National and international studies that have been conducted to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy have reported values that range from 15% in some studies to 36% in others [19][20][21][22][23]. Studies from Saudi Arabia's southern region reported a prevalence of 36.4%, which is much higher than the previously reported prevalence of Health Prim Car, 2018 doi: 10.15761/HPC.1000134 11.3% in the same region by Al-Khaldi, et al [24].…”