Prevalence and risk factors for bovine tuberculosis in the State of Bahia, Brazil

Abstract

An epidemiological study was carried out in order to characterize the bovine tuberculosis situation and to support the planning and implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Bovine Tuberculosis in the State of Bahia, owing to the importance of the disease in causing economic burdens and its impact on public health. The State was divided into four regions. In each region, properties were randomly chosen and, a pre-established number of animals was also randomly selected; these animals then subjected to the intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin diagnostic test. Animals with inconclusive test results were retested with the same diagnostic procedure within a minimum interval of 60 days. Within each sampled property, a questionnaire was administered to verify possible risk factors for the disease. In the State, the prevalence of infected herds was 1.6% [1.0-2.6] and that of infected animals 0,21% [0,07; 0,60]. In the regions, the prevalence of infected herds and infected animals were, respectively, 2,0% [1,0; 4,2%] and 2,0% [1,0; 4,2%] In conclusion, it is recommended that the State of Bahia implement a surveillance system for the detection of herds with bovine tuberculosis to certifying them in free herds, with special attention to dairy properties, and develop a solid program of health education so that producers test animals for bovine tuberculosis before introducing them into their herds. para caracterizar a situação da enfermidade no estado. O Estado foi estratificado em quatro regiões. Em cada região, propriedades foram sorteadas aleatoriamente e, dentro dessas, escolheu-se de forma também aleatória um número pré-estabelecido de animais, os quais foram submetidos ao teste tuberculínico Cervical Comparativo. Os animais que resultaram inconclusivos foram retestados com o mesmo procedimento diagnóstico em intervalo mínimo de 60 dias. Em cada propriedade amostrada aplicou-se um questionário para se verificar possíveis fatores de risco para a doença. No Estado, a prevalência de focos foi de 1,6% [1,0; 2,6%] e a de animais 0,21% [0,07; 0,60]. Nas regiões, as prevalências de focos e de animais foram, respectivamente de 2,0% [1,0; 4,2%] e 0,08% [0,035; 0,17] (OR= 9,72), ser propriedade mista (OR= 6,66) e tamanho do rebanho ≥ 18 fêmeas ≥ 24 meses (OR= 8,44). Concluindo, recomenda-se que o Estado da Bahia implemente um sistema de vigilância para detecção e saneamento dos focos de tuberculose bovina, com especial atenção para as propriedades produtoras de leite, e que desenvolva uma sólida ação de educação sanitária para que seus produtores passem a testar os animais para tuberculose bovina antes de introduzi-los em seus plantéis. Palavras-chave: Tuberculose bovina. Prevalência. Fatores de risco. Bahia. Brasil.

Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the Federal District of Brazil

“…Studies based on bovine tuberculosis, conducted in 12 Federative Units, which contain 75% of the Brazilian herd, showed herd prevalence estimates between 0.5% and 9.0% in Santa Catarina and São Paulo, respectively (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;GUEDES et al, 2016;LIMA et al, 2016;NÉSPOLI et al, 2016;QUEIROZ et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;VELOSO et al, 2016;VENDRAME et al, 2016). The same authors observed that the risk of bovine tuberculosis increased in larger dairy cattle herds on farms that use some degree of automation in the dairy production process.…”

Prevalence and risk factors for bovine tuberculosis in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

“…This prevalence of infected herds is equal to those observed in the states of Bahia, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Goiás, Pernambuco, and Distrito Federal. It exceeds the prevalence of infected herds in the State of Santa Catarina and is lower than those observed in São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Espírito Santo (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;LIMA et al, 2016;NÉSPOLI et al, 2016;QUEIROZ et al, 2016;RIBEIRO et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;BAUMGARTEN et al, 2016;VENDRAME et al, 2016).…”

“…Studies conducted on bovine tuberculosis in 12 Federative Units, which account for 66% of the Brazilian herd, showed prevalence of infected herds ranging from 0.36% in the Distrito Federal to 9.0% in São Paulo (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;LIMA et al, 2016;NÉSPOLI et al, 2016;QUEIROZ et al, 2016;RIBEIRO et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;BAUMGARTEN et al, 2016;VENDRAME et al, 2016 Azambuja (2010) found that 12% (24/200) of bovines tested positive for the intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin diagnostic test in the milk basin of Caarapó, a municipality located in the center of the Southern Plateau region of the State. In contrast, Piva Filho (2013), using the same diagnostic test, found a rate of positive-testing animals of 0.26% in the municipality of Parnaíba (MS).…”

Epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

“…The prevalence of infected herds in these units varied between 0.36%, in the Federal District (Brasília), and 9.0%, in São Paulo (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;GUEDES et al, 2016;NÉSPOLI et al, 2016;QUEIROZ et al, 2016;RIBEIRO et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;BAUMGARTEN et al, 2016;VENDRAME et al, 2016).…”