Prevalence and risk factors associated with stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese: A community-based cross-sectional study

Abstract

Although the prevalence of stroke and its risk factors has been widely reported in some Western countries, information on essential stroke parameters is lacking in China, the most populous nation. A community-based cross-sectional study with 8,018 Chinese adults aged ≥40 years was used to determine the prevalence of stroke and associated risk factors. Within the screened population, the prevalence of stroke was 2.21% for both sexes, 1.60% for females, and 3.18% for males. Prevalence increased with age in both sexes (P < 0.0001). In a multivariable model, factors significantly associated with stroke were increasing age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.58–2.24), male gender (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.42–2.90), family history of stroke (OR = 4.33, 95% CI: 2.89–6.49), history of hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.31–2.68), history of hypertension (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.02–2.12), and physical inactivity (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.16–2.59). The findings indicate that stroke prevalence in middle-aged and older Chinese adults is higher in males than in females, and increases with age in both sexes. Population-based public health intervention programs and policies targeting hyperlipidemia and hypertension control and encouragement of physical activity should be highly prioritized for middle-aged and older adults in Shenzhen, China.

Hyperlipidemia as a predictor of physical functioning for stroke

“…Oza et al [26] reported that hyperlipidemia should be well-managed through pharmacological interventions, such as aspirin, to prevent recurrent ischemic stroke, although they did not analyze the same dependent variables of this study. Gan et al [27] reported that population-based public health intervention programs and policies targeting hyperlipidemia and hypertension control and encouragement of physical activity should be high prioritized for middle-aged and older adults in order to prevent stroke.…”

Awareness, treatment, control, and determinants of dyslipidemia among adults in China: results from the China National Stroke Screening and Prevention Project (CNSSPP)

“…The questionnaire collected details of sociodemographic, medical and lifestyle information. Data examined included: age (in four categories, 40-49, 50-59, 60 − 69, and ≥ 70 years old); 14 an urban area was de ned using the 12-component urbanization index; 15 level of education (primary school and below, junior/ middle school, senior/middle school, and college/higher); 16 sex (male, female); ethnicity (Han, other ethnicities; 17 marital status (married, widowed/divorced/unmarried). In addition were: health insurance coverage, classi ed into 'yes' and 'no' (yes refers to respondents on any health insurance program at the time of the interview).…”

“…In addition were: health insurance coverage, classi ed into 'yes' and 'no' (yes refers to respondents on any health insurance program at the time of the interview). 16 Socio-economic regions (high, middle, low-income) based on the per-capita disposable household's income thresholds in 2014. 17 Current smoking (if a participant reported smoking at least one cigarette per day).…”

“…17 Physical activity (if a participant reported an activity of ≥ 3 times per week for at least 30 minutes each episode, or engaged in heavy physical work). 16 History of stroke or CHD (a participant self-report of physician's diagnosis of CHD or stroke and/or currently receiving medications). 17 Family history of dyslipidemia was on the basis of whether the respondent's family (parents and siblings) had been diagnosed by a physician for dyslipidemia.…”

Effects of salvianolic acid on cerebral perfusion in patients after acute stroke: A single‑center randomized controlled trial

“…Residents ≥65 years old reached 200 million in 2014 and there was a 4.3% increase in annual first-ever stroke incidence from 1992 to 2012 (4). Stroke is the primary cause of mortality and a prominent factor associated with disability-adjusted life-years in China, with high social and economic costs (5). Therefore urgent investigation into novel therapies for the effective treatment of stroke is required.…”