Prevalence and regional distribution of paratuberculosis in dairy herds in the Netherlands

Muskens, J; Barkema, Herman W.; Russchen, E. W.; Maanen, Kees van; Schukken, Y.H.; Bakker, Douwe

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00310-2

Cited by 80 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The high prevalence levels further suggest that active disease transmission is occurring among the dairy cattle population and that available control measures are either not being implemented or not being effective. The estimated prevalence values of most of the studied pathogens broadly agree with those reported from other countries, where these pathogens are considered endemic, suggesting similar pathogen dynamics [BVDV and BHV-1 (Kampa et al, 2004;Sayers et al, 2015;Fernandes et al, 2016), MAP (Muskens et al, 2000;van Schaik et al, 2003), C. burnetii (van Engelen et al, 2014), Salmonella spp., and Leptospira Hardjo (Habing et al, 2012;O'Doherty et al, 2013). Higher-prevalence estimates of F. hepatica (Cringoli et al, 2002;Olsen et al, 2015) and N. caninum infections were estimated in our study compared with some other countries (Sanderson et al, 2000;O'Doherty et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in Great Britain

Velasova

Damaso

Prakashbabu

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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To implement appropriate and effective disease control programs at the national level, up-to-date and unbiased information on disease frequency is needed. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases in the population of dairy herds in Great Britain. Bulk milk tank (BMT) samples from 225 randomly selected dairy farms, stratified by region and herd size, were tested for antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine herpesvirus type 1, Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis, Leptospira Hardjo, Salmonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, Fasciola hepatica, Neospora caninum, and Ostertagia ostertagi. Furthermore, the presence of BVDV, C. burnetii, and Chlamydia-like organisms was determined by PCR. The apparent herd prevalence was estimated as a weighted proportion of positive herds. The true prevalence was calculated when a test was used with known test characteristics for the cut-off value used. Among unvaccinated herds, the true prevalence of BMT antibodies against BVDV was estimated at 66% [95% confidence interval (CI): 56-77%], M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis 68% (95% CI: 59-77%), bovine herpesvirus type 1 62% (95% CI: 52-73%), Leptospira Hardjo 47% (95% CI: 34-60%), and Salmonella spp. 48% (95% CI: 39-56%). The apparent prevalence of BMT antibodies against C. burnetii was 80% (95% CI: 75-85%), F. hepatica 55% (95% CI: 48-62%), N. caninum 46% (95% CI: 38-54%), and O. ostertagi 95% (95% CI: 91-98%). The BVDV, C. burnetii, and Chlamydia-like antigens were detected in 5 (95% CI: 2-9%), 29 (95% CI: 21-36%), and 31% (95% CI: 24-38%) of herds, respectively. Our results show that dairy cows across GB are frequently exposed to the studied pathogens, which are endemic at high levels with some geographical variations. These prevalence estimates provide a muchneeded basis to assess whether nationwide control programs for the studied pathogens are justified by their potential economic, environmental, and public health implications. Should surveillance and control programs be initiated, the estimates presented here are a baseline against which progress can be assessed. Key words: prevalence, endemic infectious disease, dairy cow, bulk milk, ELISA INTRODUCTIONSeveral infectious diseases of dairy cows such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), Johne's disease caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, and liver fluke are generally regarded as being widespread and endemic in the United Kingdom (Carslake et al., 2011;Sekiya et al., 2013). These diseases are known to have a significant effect on dairy production due to their effects on fertility (Fray et al., 2000;Lanyon et al., 2014;Walz et al., 2015), milk production (Tiwari et al., 2007;McAloon et al., 2016), and, subsequently, culling (Murphy et al., 2006;Smith et al., 2010).In Great Britain (GB) in 2005, the total costs of dairy and beef cattle endemic infectious diseases (disease, control, and prevention) were estimated to be as high as £10 million ($12.4 m...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in Great Britain

Velasova

Damaso

Prakashbabu

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Increased prevalence of infectious agents is commonly associated with increased group size in cattle, e.g. paratuberculosis prevalence is strongly associated with increased herd size [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and farm-management-associated variation in the faecal-pat prevalence ofCampylobacter jejuniin ruminants

et al. 2009

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SUMMARYIn a 2-year longitudinal study of adult animals on 15 dairy farms and four sheep farms in Lancashire, UK. C. jejuni was isolated from all farms, although not on every occasion. Faecal samples were collected and cultured using standard techniques for isolation of Campylobacter. Assignment to species was via PCR assays. Peak prevalence of C. jejuni in both cattle and sheep was observed during the summer and in cattle this apparent seasonality was associated with grazing pasture [odds ratio (OR) 2 . 14], while in sheep it was independent of grazing. Increased prevalence was associated with increased milk yield (OR 1 . 05) and herd size (OR 1 . 01) in dairy cattle, and with increased stocking density (OR 1 . 29) and pasture quality (OR 2 . 16) in sheep. There was considerable variation in prevalence between farms but no evidence of large-scale spatial variation. The association between C. jejuni prevalence and diet in dairy cattle deserves further investigation.

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“…In the Netherlands, the seroprevalence was estimated to be 54.7% at the herd level and 2.5% at the animal level (30). Given the uncertainties in the performance with regard to sensitivity and specificity of the tests used, the true prevalence in the Dutch study was estimated to be between 30% and 70% at the herd level and between 2.7% and 6.9% at the animal level.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Paratuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Paratuberculosis recognized as a problem at last: A review

Bakker¹,

Willemsen²,

Zijderveld³

2000

Veterinary Quarterly

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Prevalence and regional distribution of paratuberculosis in dairy herds in the Netherlands

Cited by 80 publications

References 8 publications

Herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in Great Britain

Herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in Great Britain

Temporal and farm-management-associated variation in the faecal-pat prevalence ofCampylobacter jejuniin ruminants

Paratuberculosis recognized as a problem at last: A review

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