Prevalence and professional implication of updated versus previous hypertension classification

Abstract

Background: Hypertension remains the global challenge and the leading causes of worse cardiovascular event with 7.5 million toll deaths. The 2010 WHO estimate was 1.3 billion representing 31.1% of all adults with an astounding increase in low and middle-income countries including Sab-Saharan Africa.Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken in two beverage industrial workplaces with a sample of 440 employees and their spouses during the period of 2016 to 2018. WHO stepwise questionnaire was used to collect data and biomedical samples were taken for predicting the 10-year cardiovascular risk by Cox regression model and multivariate logistic regression was run to determine the key factors associated with both Hypertension (HTN) classifiers. The data were coded and analyzed by SPSS 16.0 version.Results: Overall HTN prevalence was 32.27%, male with 37.8% and female with 25.2% by previous HTN classifier. Whereas the updated classifier showed an overall prevalence of 61.81%, male with 67.1% and female with 55%. The findings showed a huge difference of 29.54% with p<0.001 between the two prevalence of previous and updated blood pressure classification. Employees had a relatively high HTN prevalence of 35.92% to 65.18%, compared to the spouses with 26.47% to 56.47%, p<0.001 by previous and updated classification, respectively.Conclusions: The relatively rise prevalence of the HTN revealed by this study suggests new and combining health promotion tactics, cultural theories to fight this rampant silent killer.

Culture treason theory(CTT) Conceptualization/Behavior Freezing theory.

“…CTT was originated from the discourse of, and analysis of data of people who had the high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases during my PhD thesis. The reason of resistance for adopting new protective and preventive behaviors was related to the culture which many people refused consciously and unconsciously to betray (Nsanzabera, 2020).…”

“…Culture treason theory is important for the understanding of behavior molding as other behavioral theories such as Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), Health belief model (HBM), theory of reasoned action/Theory of planned action (TRA/TPA), and Trans-theoretical model (TTT) (Karen, 2016). It has been created after the evaluation of cardiovascular disease preventive measures to facilitate the understanding of why and to which extent people resist the new health promotion intervention (Nsanzabera, 2020).…”

Health Promotion to Reduce Hypertension Patients’ Vulnerability to Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)

“…The current clinical practice guideline of the American Academy of Pediatrics reports an increasing prevalence of hypertension between the age range of 14 to 19 years, in addition to a high prevalence among adults according to current blood pressure thresholds. 1,2 Parallel in Clinical Practice Guideline.…”

“…4 Furthermore, the prevalence of hypertension is alarmingly high worldwide -31.1%, occurring predominantly among vulnerable individuals. 2 These individuals would be benefited tremendously from adequate protection and individualized health promotion. Although old age cannot be regarded as an independent risk factor of hypertension, it is a congruence of multiple vulnerabilities and poor prognostic determinants.…”

“…12 Due to the fact that hypertension is one of the main comorbidities among elderly patients, and due to the seriousness of coronavirus in about 20% of critical patients, we believe that health promotion programs for hypertensive patients are a reasonable and cheap approach to improve their prognosis. 2,[13][14][15]…”