Prevalence and predictors of antibiotic prescription errors in an emergency department, Central Saudi Arabia

Alanazi, Menyfah Q; Al-Jeraisy, Majed; Salam, Mahmoud

doi:10.2147/dhps.s83770

Cited by 38 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The economic and public health burdens of UTIs is substantial and markedly affect the quality of life of infected patients [ 6 ]. In Saudi Arabia, UTIs were reported to be the second leading cause of infections predominately in women at ED [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of E. coli in urinary tract infection in emergency department at KAMC in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: retrospective study

Alanazi

Alqahtani

Aleanizy

2018

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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BackgroundUrinary tract infection (UTIS) is a common infectious disease in which level of antimicrobial resistance are alarming worldwide. Therefore, this study aims to describe the prevalence and the resistance pattern of the main bacteria responsible for UTIS Escherichia coli (E. coli).MethodsRetrospective chart review for patients admitted to emergency department and diagnosed with UTIS at KAMC, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January to March 2008 was performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility to ampicillin, augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanate), cefazolin, co-trimoxazole (sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim), ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantoin, and cefpodoxime was determined for 101 E. coli urinary isolates.ResultsEscherichia coli was the most prevalent pathogen contributing to UTIS representing 93.55, 60.24, and 45.83% of all pathogen isolated from urine culture of pediatric, adult, and elderly, respectively. High rates of resistance to ampicillin (82.76, 58, and 63.64%) and co-trimoxazole (51.72, 42, and 59.09%), among E. coli isolated from pediatric, adult and elderly respectively. Nitrofurantoin was the most active agent, followed by ciprofloxacin, augmentin and cefazolin. 22.77% of E. coli isolates exhibited multiple drug resistance (MDR). Among 66 and 49 isolates resistant to ampicillin and co-trimoxazole, respectively, 34.84 and 42.85% were MDR. In contrast, all isolates resistant to augmentin and nitrofurantoin were MRD, while 72.7 and 82.4% of isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin and cefazolin were MDR.ConclusionsHigh resistance was observed to ampicillin and co-trimoxazole which commonly used as empirical treatments for UTIS, limiting their clinical use. This necessitates continuous surveillance for resistance pattern of uropathogens against antibiotics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of E. coli in urinary tract infection in emergency department at KAMC in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: retrospective study

Alanazi

Alqahtani

Aleanizy

2018

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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“…For instance, regarding the aforementioned aspect, one study revealed that 23% of antibiotic prescriptions in the United States are inaccurate [7]. In Saudi Arabia, > 46% of prescriptions are written for clinical conditions for which antibiotics are not indicated [8], and in Colombia, a study revealed that between 29.2 and 67.4% of the doctors surveyed have incorrect knowledge regarding antibiotic prescription [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge regarding antibiotic use among students of three medical schools in Medellin, Colombia: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background: The objective of the present study was to describe the knowledge regarding the antibiotic therapy of students of three medical schools in Medellín, Colombia. Methods: The study population comprised medical students who were enrolled in three universities. The instrument contained questions regarding their current academic term, the university, the perceived quality of the education received on antibiotic therapy and bacterial resistance, and specific questions on upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. The information was analyzed by calculating frequencies and measures of dispersion and central tendency. Knowledge regarding the treatment for each type of infection was compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: We included 536 medical students, of which 43.5% students consider that the university has not sufficiently trained them to interpret antibiograms and 29.6% students consider that the quality of information received on the subject at their university ranges from regular to poor. The mean score for knowledge regarding antibiotic therapy for upper respiratory tract infections was 44.2 (9.9) on a scale from 0 to 100. The median score with regard to the treatment of pneumonia was 52.9 (14.7), that of urinary tract infection was 58.7 (14.8), and that of skin and soft tissue infections was 63.1 (19.4). The knowledge regarding antibiotic therapy for upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, and urinary tract infection does not improve with the academic term, the university, or perceived quality of the education received. Conclusion: A large proportion of medical students perceive that the training received from the university is insufficient with regard to antibiotic use and bacterial resistance, which is consistent with the limited knowledge reflected in the selection of antibiotic treatment for respiratory, urinary tract, and skin and soft tissue infections. Overall, the situation was identical among all universities, and it did not significantly increase with the completion of an academic term.

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“…The present study found 19% prevalence of antibiotic by self-prescription which was higher than that found by Mossa et al 11 in Ethiopia and Widayati et al 12 in Indonesia who reported a prevalence of 6.7% and 7.3% respectively. Whereas, it was less than a prevalence reported by other studies conducted in Sudan 13 , UAE 14 , Egypt 15 , and other region in Saudi Arabia [4][5][6][7][8][9] . These differences can be explained by different characteristics of populations and health systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Thus, the majority of studies about antibiotics misuse have been conducted in the countries of Middle East, African and Central Asian countries. [4][5][6][7][8][9] In Saudi Arabia, recently patients visited community pharmacies to obtain the antibiotics without medical prescription. In 2013, a cross sectional study in pharmacists was conducted to assess their responses to selfmedication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Misuse of Antibiotic Therapy in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Otaibi

Almutairi

Namshan

et al. 2019

Int J Life Sci Pharm Res

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Globally, about 66% of oral antibiotics are taken without prescription with an aim to treat diseases which are mostly viral or protozoal in origin such as malaria, flu and pneumonia. In the developing countries, recent developments in healthcare and improvement in income have increased the use of antibiotics. This study is aimed to assess the pattern of antibiotic misuse in Al-Qassim region and factors associated with this misuse. This is a cross sectional community-based study. About 596 study participants selected and recruited randomly from localities of Al-Qassim region in Saudi Arabia. After obtaining written consents, the data were gathered using questionnaires which consisted of two parts namely Part1 for demographic variables and part B for data about behaviors in antibiotic use. The descriptive statistics were obtained for the distribution and patterns of antibiotic misuse. To adjust for confounding effect, a multiple logistic regression was performed. Thus, demographic variables were introduced to the model as predictors and the use of prescribed antibiotics as a dependent variable. Approximately one third of the respondents used antibiotics without doctors' prescriptions, while pharmacists were consulted in the 11% of the respondents. About 19% of the respondents practiced self-medications. Age, income and the PhD level of education were found to be significantly predicting the possibility of taking antibiotics with prescriptions. Those who aged 30 years old or more were 1.76. They were more likely to use antibiotics with doctor's prescription than those who aged <30 years old. The respondent with low income were more likely to take antibiotics based on the medical prescriptions. We concluded that a prevalence of antibiotics misuse is high in Al-Qassim region but the compliance with drug instructions are generally good.

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Prevalence and predictors of antibiotic prescription errors in an emergency department, Central Saudi Arabia

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

An evaluation of E. coli in urinary tract infection in emergency department at KAMC in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: retrospective study

An evaluation of E. coli in urinary tract infection in emergency department at KAMC in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: retrospective study

Knowledge regarding antibiotic use among students of three medical schools in Medellin, Colombia: a cross-sectional study

Factors Influencing Misuse of Antibiotic Therapy in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

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