Prevalence and nature of dentoalveolar injuries among patients with maxillofacial fractures

Abstract

Structure Summary Objective Although not previously reported, experience suggests that dentoalveolar injury (DAI) is common among patients with maxillofacial (MF) fractures. The objective of this study was to evaluate and describe the prevalence and nature of DAIs in patients identified with MF fractures. Methods Medical records of 43 dogs and cats diagnosed with MF fractures between 2005–2012 were reviewed to identify patients with concurrent DAI. Medical records of patients with DAI were abstracted for the following information: signalment (including sex, age, and skull type), mechanism of MF trauma, location and number of MF fractures, DAI type and location and the number of DAI per patient. Statistical evaluation was performed to determine associations between signalment; mechanism of trauma; location and number of MF fractures; and the prevalence and nature of concurrent DAI. Results Dentoalveolar injuries are common among patients with MF trauma. Age and mechanism of trauma are significant predictors of the presence of DAI in patients with MF trauma. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance The findings of this study serve to encourage veterinarians to fully assess the oral cavity in patients with MF fractures as DAI are common and can be predicted by age and mechanism of trauma.

Ferida lacerativa na língua e perda dentária em um gato: Relato de caso

“…Embora não se saiba a origem do trauma (o gato ficou desaparecido por três dias), injúrias de origem desconhecida são comuns em gatos (Soukup et al, 2013), especialmente os não castrados como o gato em questão. O mais provável é que o animal tenha se envolvido em uma briga com outro macho em disputa por fêmea (Tello, 2008).…”

“…Gatos apresentam grande incidência de lesões por causas desconhecidas (Soukup et al, 2013), pois podem frequentemente ficar fora de casa sem a supervisão dos tutores (Slatter, 2007), sendo altamente expostos a traumas já que apresentam comportamento independente e frequentemente envolvem-se em brigas e disputas, principalmente por fêmeas em cio e apresentam facilidade de reagir frente ao estresse (Tello, 2008).…”

“…Nos felinos, a maior ocorrência de traumas é decorrente de acidentes automobilísticos (Silva et al, 2006), quedas de grandes alturas (Merbl et al, 2013) e feridas por combate (Soukup et al, 2013) que podem ocasionar lesões em diversas áreas do corpo (Merbl et al, 2013).…”

Retrospective evaluation of canine and feline maxillomandibular trauma cases

“…Any animals that were presented exclusively with soft tissue injuries of the head would have been included in the MM group. Animals diagnosed with dental injuries (tooth fracture/luxation/avulsion) not sustaining an aforementioned injury were not included due to previously reported findings that dental injuries are under diagnosed (4, 8). …”

“…Although causes of traumatic injuries occasionally remain unknown to pet owners, many result from witnessed events. Traumatic injuries resulting from collision with a motorized vehicle (1, 2, 4), as well as pathological fractures related to neoplasia (5, 6) or severe periodontal disease (6, 7) have been studied. In addition, high-rise falls involving cats are associated with symphyseal separation, maxillofacial injuries and other injuries to the musculoskeletal system (2, 8, 9).…”