Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli in Piglets of North East Region of India

et al. 2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

Significance and Impact of the Study: Multidrug resistant (MDR) enteric bacteria are global concern. Association of MDR traits in STEC isolates are another rising issue in human and animal health perspective. The interaction of such organisms among the human, domestic animals and adjoining water sources require to be analysed systematically. The present study exhibited the possible transmission of MDR-STEC among the human, domestic animals and water sources in the North eastern states of India. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such kind in India. AbstractExtended spectrum b-lactamases (ESBL) producing Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) are posing a constant threat to public health throughout the world leading to serious infections and raising key therapeutic issues. A total of 219 fecal samples were collected from piglets with diarrheoa, pig farmers and water sources in North East India; and were processed for isolation of Escherichia coli. The isolates were screened for antimicrobial resistance and suspected isolates for ESBLs production by double-disk synergy test (DDST). Escherichia coli isolates positive for DDST were subjected for detection of selected ESBL/beta-lactamase genes and virulence associated genes by PCR. By DDST, 337 (67Á94%) E. coli isolates were detected as ESBLs producer, of which 211 (66Á98%), 117 (70Á91%) and 9 (56Á25%) isolates were from piglets, humans and water sources respectively. A total of 64 (12Á90%) isolates were recorded as STEC, of which 48 (9Á68%), 6 (1Á21%) and 10 (2Á02%) were from human, piglets and water respectively. Majority of the STEC isolates (64Á06%) possessed multiple virulence genes, of which 59Á38% also harboured ESBL/ beta-lactamase genes with 32Á81% STEC isolates being positive for multiple ESBL/beta-lactamase genes.Letters in Applied Microbiology ISSN 0266-8254

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The major reservoir of the STEC strains in the nature is the intestinal content of cattle and other small ruminants (Kaper et al ). The occurrence of STEC are also detected in pigs, poultry, soil and water (Diallo et al ; Dutta et al ; Mandakini ; Kusumoto et al ; Kylla et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended spectrum beta‐lactamase producing Shiga‐toxin producing‐Escherichia coliin piglets, humans and water sources in North East region of India

Puii

et al. 2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

“…Maternal immunity might also play an important role in resisting the infection in piglets, particularly in indigenous pigs. In the same region in a study of diarrheagenic pathogens, reported a higher prevalence rate of Picobirnavirus and STEC in crossbreed than indigenous piglets population [24,46]. In our study, samples collected during different seasons showed that coinfection of enteric pathogens was found to be most common during the summer (June-August).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Shiga-toxigenic E. coli was detected as coinfective strain in two diarrheic samples. The strain is one of the leading causes of diarrhea in the developing world and importantly in Northeast India, and they are commonly recovered from diarrheic feces of food-producing animals including porcine [45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coinfection of diarrheagenic bacterial and viral pathogens in piglets of Northeast region of India

Kylla¹,

et al. 2019

Vet World

Self Cite

Aim: This study aimed to study the prevalence of the coinfection of enteric bacterial and viral pathogens, namely Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Rotavirus, and Picobirnavirus from fecal samples of pre-weaned piglets in Northeast region of India. Materials and Methods: A total of 457 fresh fecal samples were collected from piglets under 9 weeks old during 2013-2015 from organized (n=225) and unorganized (n=232) farms of Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland. Samples were collected from diarrheic (n =339) and non-diarrheic (n=118) piglets including local indigenous (n=130) and crossbreed (n=327) piglets in different seasons during the study period. The samples were processed for the isolation of E. coli and Salmonella and detection of their putative virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Samples were also processed for the detection of Rotavirus and Picobirnavirus by RNA-polyacrylamide agarose gel electrophoresis and reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). Results: A total of 11 (2.40%) samples were found positive for two or more coinfecting enteric bacterial and viral pathogens. All the 11 positive fecal samples were recovered from diarrheic piglets. Salmonella Typhimurium (enterotoxin, stn gene) and Picobirnavirus genogroup 1 were found to be more frequent as coinfecting agents. Coinfection was recorded higher in unorganized (3.87%) compared to organized farm (0.88%). Again, higher detection was recorded in crossbreed (2.75%) than local indigenous piglets (1.53%). The occurrence of coinfection was found to be more common during summer (4.68%) followed by winter (2.27%) season. Conclusion: The present study highlighted the significance of E. coli, Salmonella, Rotavirus, and Picobirnavirus as important diarrheagenic pathogens causing coinfection in piglets in Northeast region of India. Probably, this is the first systematic study of the coinfection of four important diarrheagenic bacterial and viral agents associated with piglet diarrhea in India.

“…Lack of scientific literature regarding the prevalence of EPEC; prevented us from comparing our results to precedents. However, similar findings were reported in a prevalence study of diarrhoeagenic bacterial and viral pathogens ( 17 , 18 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Characterisation of porcine enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated in northeastern India

Kylla

Journal of Veterinary Research

et al. 2020

Self Cite

IntroductionEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is one of the main pathotypes causing gastroenteritis, particularly in young immunocompromised hosts. The study reports the prevalence, characterisation, and molecular epidemiology of EPEC from piglets in northeastern India.Material and MethodsA total of 457 faecal samples were collected, from which 1,286 E. coli strains were isolated and screened by PCR. The resultant EPEC strains were serotyped and phenotypically characterised for resistance against 15 antimicrobials. Also, the phylogenetic sequence was analysed for 11 selected strains.ResultsA total of 42 strains (3.26%) belonged to atypical EPEC, of which, 15 (35.71%, and 2.29% of the 654 strains from this farm type) were isolated from organised and 27 (64.29%, and 4.27% of the 632 strains from this farm type) from unorganised farms; further, 5 (11.90% of the EPEC strains and 1.51% of the 330 strains from this breed) were isolated from the indigenous breeds and 37 (88.10%, and 3.87% of the 956 strains from this breed) from crossbred piglets. Serogroups O111 (11.9%) and O118 (7.14%) were the most prevalent of the 10 present. Sequence analysis of a length of the eaeA gene of 11 isolates of the region showed them to have 100% homology with each other and their identity ranged from 99.4% to 99.7% with GenBank reference sequences. All the EPEC isolates were multi-drug resistant, showing the highest resistance to amoxicillin (80.9%) and cephalexin (76.19%).ConclusionThe study highlighted the association of EPEC with piglet’s diarrhoea in northeastern India. EPEC isolates belonged to many serotypes and phenotypically all were multi-drug resistant with close genetic homology.