Prevalence and Identification of Bovine Ixodide Tick in Dandi District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted with the aim of identifying and estimating the prevalence of cattle ixodid tick infestation with respect to host related factors in Dendi district, Western Shoa, Ethiopia. Adult ixodid ticks were collected from 384 randomly selected cattle by using forceps and preserved in separate collecting bottle with 70 % ethyl alcohol. The collected ticks were identification under stereomicroscope into generas and species based on their morphology. The present study revealed that there was high tick infestation with an overall prevalence of 264 (68.8 %). In the study area four genera of ixodid ticks (Amblyomma, Rhipecephalus (Boophilus), Hyalomma and Rhipecephalus) and four species (Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipecephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus, Hyalomma dromedary, Rhipecephalus evertsi evertsi) were identified with the prevalence rate of 26.6 %, 31.8 %, 3.4 % and 3.6 % respectively. All species of ticks had higher number of male, except Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus (0.0048:1) and they were distributed and attached with statistically significant (P<0.05) variation among different parts of the host body. Different risk factors (age, sex, body condition score, breed and managements) were considered but they are statistically not significant (P>0.05). Their respective prevalence were; age (young 12.2 %, adult 45.5 % and old 10.9 %); sex (male 30.7 % and female 38 %); body condition score (poor 22.9 %, medium 43.7 % and good 2.1 %); breed (local 57.6 % and cross breed 11.2 %) and management system(extensive 63.3 %, semi-intensive 4.2 % and intensive 1.3 %). The present study indicates there is high prevalence of ixodide tick infestation, especially in local cattle breed, adult, female and medium body condition. Therefore, effective control measures should be undertaken to bring the needed health and productive animals in Dendi district.

Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Risk Assessment of Ixodid Ticks in Cattle of Mid Hill Zone of North - Western Himalayas

“…Moreover, females undergo high lactation, pregnancy, and production stress which makes them more prone to infections [28]. In corroboration to our findings, a higher tick infestation in female animals has been reported by other workers also [29,30,31]. In the present study, crossbred cattle were found infested more with the ticks as compared to the indigenous cattle.…”

Study on distribution of Ixodid ticks of cattle in Bedele District, South Western Ethiopia

“…This variation may be related to the fact that female animals are kept properly in the house with a good management system for dairy purposes, whereas male animals graze the field all day, leaving them vulnerable to tick infestation. This finding contradicts the findings of ( Amante, 2020 ) in Jardega Jarte, as well as ( Haile, 2017 ) in the Dandi district.…”

“…This finding is consistent with previous work in Diga town reported by ( Tadesse et al, 2012 ) (12.3%) and ( Tafesse and Amante, 2019 ) (16%). However, ( Haile, 2017 ) reported the lowest prevalence (3.6%) in Dandi districts. According to Pegram et al, 1981, this species has no preference for a specific altitude, rainfall zone, or season; it is also known to transmit tick paralysis in Harar, Ethiopia.…”

“…One of the leading causes of significant economic loss is the export of defective skin and hide ( Tamerat et al, 2015 ). Pre-slaughter detection allows 65% of cattle with skin conditions due to poor quality to be rejected ( Haile, 2017 ).…”

Prevalence, Contamination Level, and Associated Factors of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Raw Cow Milk at Selected Districts of Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

“…The current study's mean TVC did not meet the 5log cfu/mL requirement for raw milk intended for direct human consumption [ 28 ] Similarly, higher mean TVC values (6.36–9.82 log cfu/mL) were discovered in various Ethiopian regions [ 7 , 30 ]. The increased count in milk could be attributed to poor hygiene practices used during manufacturing and subsequent handling [ 31 ].…”