Prevalence and diversity of gastrointestinal protozoa in Madura cattle at Bangkalan Regency, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to describe the gastrointestinal protozoa in Madura cattle at Bangkalan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 500 samples of Madura cattle feces were collected from 10 districts at Bangkalan Regency. Those ten districts represent the lowland and upland areas, and each district was represented by one village. The collected feces were examined using native, sedimentation, and floating methods. The species identification was determined by their morphology. Results: There were 357 (71.4%) samples positively infected with protozoan. The highest rate of sample with protozoan infection was at Kamal District (88.23%), and Bangkalan District (52.83%) was the lowest one. There were six species of protozoa that infected gastrointestinal tract; those are Eimeria spp., Balantidium spp., Isospora spp., Blastocystis spp., Entamoeba spp., and Cryptosporidium spp. The highest number of protozoa found in this research was Eimeria (53.42%) followed by Blastocystis (14.43%). In this study, we found that 295 samples (58.76%) infected by one kind of protozoa, 53 samples (10.56%) infected by two kinds of protozoa, and 11 samples (2.19%) infected by three kinds of protozoa. In addition, there were 65.54% of bulls infected with protozoa, considerably lower than cows (72.97%). Cattle aged 6 months-2 years old (73.39%) and >2 years old (71.25%) are known more prone to protozoan infections than cattle aged <6 months (66.15%). Conclusion: The present study revealed that protozoan infection of cattle is common in Bangkalan Regency. Studies focused on determining that the prevalence of protozoan, risk factors for the parasitism, and the geographic distribution are needed and will be effective guide for prevention and control measures.

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Protozoa on Bali Cattle in Lopok Sub-District, Sumbawa District

“…Calves aged 0-6 months without being caged and grazing freely with other livestock in the grazing fields so that the risk of being infected with protozoa is higher both from grass and water sources that have been contaminated with the infective stage of the protozoa. According to Hastutiek et al (2019), the habit of grazing in a wider area will increase the risk of livestock being infected with protozoa, cattle that are kept in cages or not will be susceptible to protozoan infections that have contaminated the grass they eat. The prevalence rate of gastrointestinal parasites is higher in young people compared to old age, the severity of gastrointestinal parasitic infections may be due to the animal's susceptibility to internal parasites and poor immunity.…”

“…Susana et al (2019) in Siak Sri Indrapura District on the prevalence of Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Protozoa on Bali Cattle in Lopok Sub-District, Sumbawa District gastrointestinal parasites in beef cattle showed that out of 100 stool samples examined, 100% positive for parasite infection. Hastutiek et al (2019) This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal protozoa, types of gastrointestinal protozoa, and the effect of age on the prevalence of gastrointestinal protozoa in Bali cattle in Lopok Sub-District, Sumbawa District. Data on the prevalence of gastrointestinal protozoa is expected to be used in the prevention and eradication of gastrointestinal diseases to prevent losses to farmers.…”

Detection of Goat Digestive Tract Protozoa Through Feces Examination in Kwanyar Sub-District, Bangkalan District

“…Single or mixed infection by coccidia greatly affects the production, even death of young livestock (Winarso, 2018). Based on research conducted by Hastutiek, et al, (2019) in 10 Sub-Districts in Bangkalan District, Madura cattle showed high results, namely 71.4% of the samples tested positive for gastrointestinal protozoa, which consisted of species Eimeria sp, Balantidium sp, Isospora sp, Blastocystis sp, Entamoeba sp, and Criptosporidium sp. Research on gastrointestinal protozoa conducted in Kwanyar Sub-District found 50 stool samples, 50% of which were positive and zoonotic, consisting of species Blastocystis hominis, Balantidium coli, and Entamoeba sp (Hastutiek et al, 2018).…”

Avances en el desarrollo de una vacuna efectiva contra Cryptosporidium parvum: una revisión de la literatura

“…En el campo veterinario, la criptosporidiosis induce diarrea acuosa profusa y deshidratación, asociada con altas tasas de morbimortalidad, incremento en el costo de atención médica veterinaria e importantes pérdidas económicas (14)(15)(16), con lo cual se afecta en gran medida el desarrollo del sector agropecuario.…”