Prevalence and distribution of different diarrhoeagenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>virulotypes in major water bodies in Bangladesh

Akter, Selina; Islam, Md. Atikul; Afreen, K. S.; Azmuda, Nafisa; Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam; Birkeland, Nils-Kåre

doi:10.1017/s0950268813000320

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We have recently shown that ETEC are mainly found in the A and B1 groups (von Mentzer et al ., ). Enterotoxigenic E. coli is frequently isolated from environmental water samples (Begum et al ., ; Lothigius et al ., ; Akter et al ., ). The ability to persist in water has been documented in ETEC, which can remain viable in both lake and seawater for months with retained gene expression (Lothigius et al ., ).…”

Section: Etec Ecology In Environmental Watermentioning

confidence: 97%

The different ecological niches of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Gonzales-Silès

Sjöling

2015

Environmental Microbiology

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SummaryEnterotoxigenic E scherichia coli (ETEC) is a water and food‐borne pathogen that infects the small intestine of the human gut and causes diarrhoea. Enterotoxigenic E. coli adheres to the epithelium by means of colonization factors and secretes two enterotoxins, the heat labile toxin and/or the heat stable toxin that both deregulate ion channels and cause secretory diarrhoea. Enterotoxigenic E. coli as all E. coli, is a versatile organism able to survive and grow in different environments. During transmission and infection, ETEC is exposed to various environmental cues that have an impact on survivability and virulence. The ability to cope with exposure to different stressful habitats is probably shaping the pool of virulent ETEC strains that cause both endemic and epidemic infections. This review will focus on the ecology of ETEC in its different habitats and interactions with other organisms as well as abiotic factors.

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Section: Etec Ecology In Environmental Watermentioning

confidence: 97%

The different ecological niches of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Gonzales-Silès

Sjöling

2015

Environmental Microbiology

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“…EAEC was identified by PCR targeting the aggR gene in 36% of the water samples in the dry period and in 26% in the wet period and was found to be highly prevalent among the diarrheagenic E. coli strains investigated (121). In a different study, water samples from 46 aquatic locations in Bangladesh were collected during both the winter and summer seasons, and those investigators found EAEC by PCR targeting a primer sequence complementary to the CVD432 probe in 17% of the samples in the winter season and 4% in the summer season (122). Another possible route of transmission of EAEC is food handling, which was investigated in a study performed in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, where EAEC was detected by PCR targeting the pic and aggR genes.…”

Section: Reservoir and Transmission Of Eaecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) represents a heterogeneous group of E. coli strains. The pathogenicity and clinical relevance of these bacteria are still controversial. In this review, we describe the clinical significance of EAEC regarding patterns of infection in humans, transmission, reservoirs, and symptoms. Manifestations associated with EAEC infection include watery diarrhea, mucoid diarrhea, low-grade fever, nausea, tenesmus, and borborygmi. In early studies, EAEC was considered to be an opportunistic pathogen associated with diarrhea in HIV patients and in malnourished children in developing countries. In recent studies, associations with traveler's diarrhea, the occurrence of diarrhea cases in industrialized countries, and outbreaks of diarrhea in Europe and Asia have been reported. In the spring of 2011, a large outbreak of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) and hemorrhagic colitis occurred in Germany due to an EAEC O104:H4 strain, causing 54 deaths and 855 cases of HUS. This strain produces the potent Shiga toxin along with the aggregative fimbriae. An outbreak of urinary tract infection associated with EAEC in Copenhagen, Denmark, occurred in 1991; this involved extensive production of biofilm, an important characteristic of the pathogenicity of EAEC. However, the heterogeneity of EAEC continues to complicate diagnostics and also our understanding of pathogenicity.

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“…Although commensal E. coli strains are non-pathogen, pathogenic types of E. coli including enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic (EHEC), enteroaggregative (EAEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC), and enteropathogenic (EPEC) can cause intestinal diseases [1]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance and integron gene cassette arrays in commensal Escherichia coli from human and animal sources in IRI

Kheiri¹,

Akhtari²

2016

Gut Pathog

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BackgroundThe human and animal intestinal tract harbors a complex community of microbes which enables bacteria to inherit antibiotic resistance genes. The aims of this study were to investigate clonality, antimicrobial resistance, prevalence and gene cassette arrays of class I and II integrons among commensal Escherichia coli from human and animals.MethodsA total of 200 E. coli isolates from human, chicken, cattle, and sheep were isolated followed by phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing and detection of class I and II integrons gene cassettes arrays. The clonal relationship of the isolates were analyzed by (GTG)5-PCR.ResultsOf 200 isolates, 136 isolates were multi drug resistance (MDR) including 47, 40, 31 and 18 isolates from chicken, human, cattle and sheep, respectively. Class I integron was detected in 50, 38, 6 and 16 %, while class II was detected in 26, 8, 0 and 4 % of chicken, human, cattle and sheep isolates, respectively. Variable regions were amplified and sequenced. Cassette arrays in class I integrons were: dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12, aadA1, dfrA17 aadA1, aadA22, aadB–aadA2 and dfrA12–orfF–aadA2, and for class II, dfrA1-sat-aadA1, and sat-sat1-aadA1 were detected. Six class I and three class II positive strains did not produce any amplicons for variable region. Integron-positive isolates showed higher rate of resistance to streptomycin and trimethoprim–sulphamethoxazole, especially in chicken isolates which were fed antibiotics. Low similarity and great genetic diversity of class I and II integrons carrying isolates indicated no clonal relation.ConclusionsIntegrons encoding for antibiotic resistance are significantly present among non-pathogenic commensal E. coli, especially from the hosts medicated by antibiotics. Uncontrolled use of antibiotics will increase the numbers of multiple drug resistant isolates and integrons prevalence.

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Prevalence and distribution of different diarrhoeagenicEscherichia colivirulotypes in major water bodies in Bangladesh

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

The different ecological niches of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

The different ecological niches of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

Antimicrobial resistance and integron gene cassette arrays in commensal Escherichia coli from human and animal sources in IRI

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